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Intergenerational mobility in 28 European countries: A new measure from a public health perspective

Rand Jarroch,Y. A. Ibrahim,A. Laverty,Filippos T. Filippidis

Published 2025 in Population Medicine

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION We assessed levels of intergenerational mobility across 28 European countries using a new composite measure of social status for European adults and their parents. METHODS We conducted a secondary dataset analysis of the cross-sectional Special Eurobarometer Survey wave 88.4, performed in December 2017 among 27538 individuals in 28 countries. Respondents’ adulthood perceived social status (‘adult’) as well as their parents’ perceived social status (‘parental’) were investigated by combining three indicators: subjective social status, occupation, and education. We created an intergenerational mobility scale by calculating the change in respondents’ social status compared to their parents’. The size of the interquartile range (IQR) of this scale was used to estimate intergenerational mobility in each country. RESULTS Median parental and adult social status scores varied across countries and regions. Overall, the median adult and parental social status scores were 4.35 (out of 10) and 5.00. Denmark (3.15), the Netherlands (2.96), and Sweden (2.96) had the largest IQRs of intergenerational mobility scores, indicating greater intergenerational mobility, whereas Slovakia (1.85), Croatia (1.85), Hungary (1.94) and Bulgaria (1.94) had the smallest IQRs. CONCLUSIONS

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