Construction and Immune Strategy Optimization of a Vaccine Strain for Influenza A (H5N8) Subtype

Multiple subtypes of avian influenza virus (AIV), including H5N1, H5N6, and H5N8 viruses, are currently co-circulating in wild birds and poultry and causing sporadic human infections. Vaccine development is essential for pandemic preparedness. In this study, we constructed a candidate vaccine virus (CVV) using reverse genetics (RG) based on the sequence of the first human-infected H5N8 subtype AIV, A/Astrakhan/3212/2020 (H5N8). We evaluated the immunogenicity of the rH5N8/PR8 vaccine strain in combination with Alum, ISA51, and MF59 adjuvants, and we optimized immunization strategies including dosage, administration route, and immunization interval in BALB/c mice. Our results demonstrated that a 10 μg dose of inactivated rH5N8/PR8 with MF59 adjuvant, administered intramuscularly twice at 7-day intervals, induced the strongest immune response and effectively protected mice against challenge with wild-type H5N8 AIVs. Since pandemic influenza vaccines typically require tailored vaccination doses and routes specific to their characteristics, this study provides valuable insights for the development of similar vaccine strains with pandemic potential.

• Publication year

  2025

• Venue

  Viruses

• Publication date

  2025-04-01

• Fields of study

  Biology, Medicine, Environmental Science

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.3390/v17040544PMID 40284987PMCID 12031352
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Recent Changes in Patterns of Mammal Infection with Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus Worldwide

  2024cited by this paper
• Spatiotemporal genotype replacement of H5N8 avian influenza viruses contributed to H5N1 emergence in 2021/2022 panzootic

  2024cited by this paper
• Evolutionary dynamics and comparative pathogenicity of clade 2.3.4.4b H5 subtype avian influenza viruses, China, 2021–2022

  2024cited by this paper
• Strategic challenges in the global control of high pathogenicity avian influenza.

  2024cited by this paper
• Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in Persons Aged 15–64 Years: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

  2023cited by this paper
• Avian influenza overview September–December 2023

  2023cited by this paper
• Safety and Immunogenicity of a monovalent inactivated influenza A/H5N8 virus vaccine given with and without AS03 or MF59 adjuvants in healthy adults.

  2023influential reference
• Avian influenza overview June–September 2023

  2023cited by this paper
• A comprehensive review of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1: An imminent threat at doorstep.

  2023cited by this paper
• Resurgence of avian influenza virus

  2022influential reference
• AddaVax-Adjuvanted H5N8 Inactivated Vaccine Induces Robust Humoral Immune Response against Different Clades of H5 Viruses

  2022cited by this paper
• Avian influenza overview June – September 2022

  2022cited by this paper
• Divergent Reassortment and Transmission Dynamics of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N8) Virus in Birds of China During 2021

  2022cited by this paper
• Ecological divergence of wild birds drives avian influenza spillover and global spread

  2022cited by this paper
• Epidemiologic, Clinical, and Genetic Characteristics of Human Infections with Influenza A(H5N6) Viruses, China

  2022cited by this paper
• Whole‐blood cytokine secretion assay as a high‐throughput alternative for assessing the cell‐mediated immunity profile after two doses of an adjuvanted SARS‐CoV‐2 recombinant protein vaccine candidate

  2022cited by this paper
• High-Throughput Next-Generation Sequencing Respiratory Viral Panel: A Diagnostic and Epidemiologic Tool for SARS-CoV-2 and Other Viruses

  2021influential reference
• Emergence and spread of novel H5N8, H5N5 and H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4 highly pathogenic avian influenza in 2020

  2021cited by this paper
• Aluminium adjuvants in vaccines - A way to modulate the immune response.

  2021cited by this paper
• Emerging H5N8 avian influenza viruses

  2021cited by this paper
• Novel Clade 2.3.4.4b Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A H5N8 and H5N5 Viruses in Denmark, 2020

  2021cited by this paper
• Isolation of clade 2.3.4.4b A(H5N8), a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, from a worker during an outbreak on a poultry farm, Russia, December 2020

  2021cited by this paper
• Five Independent Cases of Human Infection with Avian Influenza H5N6 — Sichuan Province, China, 2021

  2021cited by this paper
• Molecular characterization of H3 subtype avian influenza viruses based on poultry-related environmental surveillance in China between 2014 and 2017.

  2020cited by this paper
• Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N8 in Poland in 2019–2020

  2020cited by this paper
• Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Clade 2.3.4.4b Subtype H5N8 Virus Isolated from Mandarin Duck in South Korea, 2020

  2020cited by this paper
• Development and Assessment of Two Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N6 Candidate Vaccine Viruses for Pandemic Preparedness.

  2020cited by this paper
• Avian influenza overview November 2019– February2020

  2020cited by this paper
• MiRNA Targeted NP Genome of Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccines Provide Cross-Protection against a Lethal Influenza Virus Infection

  2020cited by this paper
• Broadly Protective Strategies Against Influenza Viruses: Universal Vaccines and Therapeutics

  2020cited by this paper
• Immunodominance and Antigenic Variation of Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin: Implications for Design of Universal Vaccine Immunogens.

  2019cited by this paper
• Newcastle disease virus-based H5 influenza vaccine protects chickens from lethal challenge with a highly pathogenic H5N2 avian influenza virus

  2017cited by this paper
• Protective Efficacy of the Inactivated H5N1 Influenza Vaccine Re-6 Against Different Clades of H5N1 Viruses Isolated in China and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea

  2016cited by this paper
• Safety and tolerability evaluation of the use of Montanide ISA™51 as vaccine adjuvant: A systematic review

  2016cited by this paper
• Next generation sequencing for whole genome analysis and surveillance of influenza A viruses.

  2016influential reference
• Nomenclature updates resulting from the evolution of avian influenza A(H5) virus clades 2.1.3.2a, 2.2.1, and 2.3.4 during 2013–2014

  2015cited by this paper
• Antigenic and genetic characteristics of zoonotic influenza viruses and development of candidate vaccine viruses for pandemic preparedness.

  2014influential reference
• Cellular immune correlates of protection against symptomatic pandemic influenza

  2013cited by this paper
• Impact of cross-protective vaccines on epidemiological and evolutionary dynamics of influenza

  2012cited by this paper
• Immunogenicity and adverse events of avian influenza A H5N1 vaccine in healthy adults: multiple-treatments meta-analysis.

  2009cited by this paper
• The Mouse Model for Influenza

  2009cited by this paper
• MF59 is a safe and potent vaccine adjuvant that enhances protection against influenza virus infection

  2007cited by this paper
• Safety and immunogenicity of an inactivated split-virion influenza A/Vietnam/1194/2004 (H5N1) vaccine: phase I randomised trial.

  2006cited by this paper
• [The Spanish translation of the Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals: current and future solutions].

  2004cited by this paper
• Boosting immunity to influenza H5N1 with MF59-adjuvanted H5N3 A/Duck/Singapore/97 vaccine in a primed human population.

  2003cited by this paper
• A DNA transfection system for generation of influenza A virus from eight plasmids.

  2000cited by this paper

• No citing papers are available for this paper.