Deficit irrigation: A review of theory, practice, and modelling

E. Kanda

Published 2025 in CABI Reviews

ABSTRACT

Deficit irrigation (DI) is one of the main strategies of improving crop water productivity, especially in water scarce environments. Models are useful for evaluating the response of crops to various environmental and management decisions. The response of crops to water deficit can be simulated using models with varying complexities and approaches. This review describes the mechanisms and modelling approaches for DI. It highlights the concepts and types of DI and the significance. The review also discusses the key crop growth models applicable in irrigated agriculture. These are AquaCrop, APSIM, CERES, CROPGRO, CropSyst, STICS, and WOFOST. These models use the carbon-, radiation, and water-driven modelling approaches. Due to the complexity of the processes for simulating crop response to water deficit, it may be necessary to couple one or more models to optimize DI applications. Benefits of DI extend beyond the farm level and therefore, simulation of crop response to various water regimes on a regional or catchment scale requires coupling crop models with hydrological models. Economic models may be linked with crop models to inform policy and decision-makers on the benefits of various irrigation management decisions including DI and climate change.

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