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The role of perennial grasses in sustainable development

Nikola Milanović,Snežana Brajević,Aleksandar Simić,G. Gajić,Ž. Dželetović

Published 2024 in Zbornik radova

ABSTRACT

In recent years, the world's population has been dealing with the increasing challenges of global warming. For this reason, second-generation perennial grass energy crops are increasingly becoming the focus of research. It is expected that the utilisation of these plants can make a significant contribution to achieving the goals of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, promoting sustainable development and improving energy efficiency. In our review, we look at the potential of the most interesting second-generation perennial energy grasses in the south-eastern (Phalaris arundinacea L.; Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steude; Miscanthus × giganteus Greef et Deu.; Arundo donax L.; Panicum virgatum L.). These plants are notable for high biomass production (average 6-25 t ha-1), low costs, and versatile utilization. In addition to combustion (average 14-18 MJ kg-1), biomass is also used for the production of bioenergy, biofuels, chemicals, biopolymers, biocomposites or as a building material. Perennial energy crops provide sustainable energy production with lower emissions of greenhouse gases than fossil fuels, as part of the CO2 released is returned to the atmosphere from which it was originally absorbed through photosynthesis. These plants are a promising option for biofuel production due to their simple agrotechnology and efficient use of water and nitrogen. Growth possibility on poor quality and degraded soils is also a positive aspect of these plants.

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