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A colorimetric and fluorescent dual-mode biosensor based on Aloe vera polysaccharide stabilized core-shell nanoflowers and red carbon dots for organophosphorus pesticide detection.

Han Zhao,Kaile Cao,Tingting Zhang,Lijie Zhou,Zengsheng Han,Longgang Wang,Yanshuai Cui,Xianbing Ji

Published 2025 in International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

ABSTRACT

The pesticide residues of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) in the environment poses a threat to human health and the ecological environment. Consequently, creating a dependable and effective platform for the detection of OPs is crucial for safeguarding food safety, preserving public health, and upholding ecological equilibrium. Herein, we synthesized bimetallic nanoflowers (AP-PdmPtn NFs) with core-shell structure for the first time and their particle size was about 18 nm. AP-PdmPtn NFs facilitated the conversion of the colorless chromogenic substrate 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) into blue oxidized TMB (oxTMB), demonstrating their remarkable oxidase-like activity. The kinetics of the catalytic process adhered to the conventional Michaelis-Menten equation. In addition, we synthesized 1.36 nm red carbon dots (CDs) that can be quenched by oxTMB. Importantly, we developed a dual-mode OPs biosensor based on AP-PdPt NFs and red CDs. The biosensor can produce colorimetric and fluorescent signals for OPs in fruits and vegetables solution, and the limits of detection for dimethoate were 0.37 ng/mL in colorimetric method and 0.41 ng/mL using fluorescent modes, respectively. This dual-mode biosensor was successfully applied to the sensitive detection of dimethoate in real samples, which develops a new strategy for OPs detection.

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