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Turbulent transport over a wavy disk rotating in a forced flow

Ahmer Mehmood,Iqrar Raza,B. Weigand

Published 2025 in The Physics of Fluids

ABSTRACT

The influence of an imposed outer flow on momentum and heat transport in a fully turbulent flow over a rotating non-flat disk is investigated. Transport enhancement in a turbulent boundary layer over a sinusoidal wavy disk has already been witnessed. In particular, considering potential applications of a wavy disk in turbomachinery, a situation further closer to the realistic one is considered. An imposed outer cross-flow serves the purpose, also from the perspective of existing studies for the sake of comparison. Numerical modeling is based on the boundary layer equations modeled in a body-fitted curvilinear coordinate system. An in-house developed finite-difference code, written in MATLAB, is utilized for a numerical solution of the equations. The Cebeci–Smith turbulence model, which utilizes the eddy viscosity concept, is employed to model the Reynolds stresses and the turbulent heat flux. Calculations have been carried out up to a Reynolds number of Rer=2.85×109, using a non-uniform mesh, dense near the disk and gradually getting coarser away from the disk. The non-dimensional parameter (a/ω) serves to examine the impact of the outer cross-flow on the flow and heat transfer characteristics. The presence of an outer cross-flow limits the influence of the number of sinusoids (N), which has been seen to play an important role, otherwise. The impact of the number of sinusoids N on the transport process is quite pronounced up to N=2 and becomes insignificant for larger values of N. The results reveal that in the presence of an external cross-flow, the velocity and temperature gradients increase significantly, thereby enhancing the shear stresses and the heat transfer rate. The average radial and circumferential skin-friction coefficients, the Nusselt number, and the moment coefficient increase by up to 1196.89%, 66.39%, 52.75%, and 66.75%, respectively, compared to a flat disk when the surface undulation ratio is 0.2, the number of sinusoids is equal to 2.0, and a forced flow parameter equals 1.0.

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