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Allelopathic activity of Cuscuta chinensis against weed species

Hafiz Muhammad Fareed,Lin Ma,Jianguo Jiang,Jinghong Wu,Ali Murad Jakhar

Published 2025 in Journal of Biologically Active Products from Nature

ABSTRACT

Abstract This study aimed to identify the allelopathic constituents of Cuscuta chinensis and evaluate their effects on weed germination and growth. Extracts were prepared from stems and seeds using petroleum ether, n-butanol, ethyl acetate, ethanol, methanol, and aqueous solvents. Among these, the n-butanol and ethyl acetate extracts exhibited the most potent inhibitory effects, significantly reducing germination rates of chicory from 95.6±1.9 % to 0% ± 0.0 and 4.4% ± 7.7, and alfalfa from 71.1±15.8 % to 6.7% ± 0.0. The ethanol extract also showed notable inhibition, reducing ryegrass germination from 96.7±3.3 % to 11.1% ± 3.9 at 4 mg/mL. Root and shoot lengths were similarly decreased across all extracts, with the n-butanol and ethyl acetate extracts leading to reductions of up to 80%. HPLC analysis detected caffeic acid, hydrocinnamic acid, cinnamic acid, p-coumaric acid, kaempferol, and quercetin as the key allelochemicals, particularly effective at higher concentrations. These findings suggest that C. chinensis possesses strong allelopathic potential, which could be further explored for natural weed management strategies. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

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