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Meta-analysis of the association between marital status and cardiovascular diseases

Ali Moradi,Hannaneh Khadem,Mohammadreza Rahmani,M. S. Saghafi,Helia Ghadri,Maryam Mohammadi,Mina Rabbani,Meysam Moulaee,N. Deravi,Sahar Khoshravesh,Sina Seyedipour,Ehsan Emami,Mahdiyeh Naziri

Published 2025 in JRSM Cardiovascular Disease

ABSTRACT

Significant morbidity and death are connected to cardiovascular disease (CVD), with classic risk factors such as age, sex, smoking, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes accounting for 80% of the risk. The other 20% of risk variables are poorly understood. The influence of marital status is one more element whose function is unclear. A comprehensive literature review was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases and data from the included articles were extracted and analyzed. A meta-analysis was conducted using the findings of the 13 publications. In this study, we evaluated the incidence of CVD across different marital statuses by analyzing 13 cohort studies from 11 countries with 1,809,825 participants. Our results showed no significant differences in CVD incidence among married (HR 1.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.84–1.20) and unmarried individuals (HR 1.24, 95% CI 0.95–1.62). Divorced individuals had a 28% higher incidence (HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.14–1.44), and widowed individuals showed a 28% increase (HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.11–1.48). The results show no discernible difference in the incidence of CVD between married and single people. However, divorced and widowed people have a noticeably increased risk of CVD incidence. The high heterogeneity of the research highlights the complexity of the link. These results emphasize how crucial it is to take marital status into account when evaluating CVD risk and developing preventative measures.

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