Developing a urea biosensor and safe blood cleaning method utilizing a novel high throughput La-doped CeO2 nanosized artificial urease with high biocompatibility and enzyme-like activity.

Herein, a urea biosensor and safe blood cleaning method utilizing a novel high throughput La-doped CeO2 nanosized artificial urease with high biocompatibility and enzyme-like activity were developed. The urease-like activity, stability composition, morphological characteristics, size, biocompatibility, and crystalline characteristics of the artificial urease were assessed. Considering its high urease-like activity, it is applied for both urea biosensing and safe blood cleaning. The effective factors on the sensing conditions were optimized, providing a wide linear range over 1-10 µM and a low detection limit of 0.5 µM. The repeatability and reproducibility assessments revealed a %RSD of 1.7 % and 2.7 %, in order. The selectivity studies and real blood analysis revealed highly selective, accurate, and reliable determination of urea in biosamples using the developed method, providing a %recovery of 97.8-99.5 % with a low %RSD range of 1.4-3.3 %. Besides, the safe blood cleaning experiments were also performed by urea mineralization from blood. The results exhibited a high blood cleaning yield of 99.5 % at a short time of 30 min, revealing 1.8-fold higher cleaning efficiency for the artificial urease compared to native urease. The reusability studies showed that the blood cleaning yield was saved for about 10 cycles and then it decreased by increasing the operational cycles, reaching 78.6 % after 17 cycles. The shelf-life of the urease was also evaluated within 30 days, revealing a high shelf-stability for the as-prepared nanosized artificial urease. Consequentially, the nanosized artificial urease can be practically applied for both urea detection and blood cleaning in the real world.

• Publication year

  2025

• Venue

  Enzyme and Microbial Technology

• Publication date

  2025-08-15

• Fields of study

  Medicine, Materials Science, Chemistry

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2025.110736PMID 40829504
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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