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Super-amphiphilic adjuvants for enhancing the spreading and deposition performance of pesticide on corn leaves in high-temperature conditions.

Ehsan Bahojb Noruzi,Haifan Zhang,Cuiguang Ma,Haonan Qu,Qiang He,Yuchao Liu,Zhihang Zhao,Zihao Zhou,Chenyu Su,Haibing Li

Published 2025 in Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

ABSTRACT

This research introduces an interesting approach to improve pesticide delivery to corn leaves during hot climates by developing super-amphiphilic adjuvants through amino pillar[5]arene (AP5A) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) complexation. The AP5A-CTAB adjuvant functions to improve droplet retention along with spreading capabilities for resolving limitations that exist in small molecule adjuvants. The AP5A-CTAB host-guest complexation was confirmed by UV-Vis, NMR spectroscopy, and Gaussian calculations. The spreading and wetting capabilities measured on corn leaves by contact angle showed that the complex performed better than its components. Simultaneous high-speed camera imaging revealed that the biophysical properties of the adjuvant could be used to robustly regulate droplet impact behavior, such that wetting and deposition were effective even on inclined leaf surfaces. Additional analysis showed that the AP5A-CTAB complex has less surface tension than its components, rapidly spreading over the leaf surface. Resistance to droplet splitting during impact was achieved by increasing its viscosity, which improved its effectiveness. The enhanced solubility and loading efficiency were confirmed using Nile Red as a marker. Additional experiments further validated the adjuvant's loading capacity toward Flubeneteram, improving retention and antibacterial efficacy against corn anthracnose and sheath blight.

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