Sub-meter resolution wetland map of Hainan with detailed types from multi-source satellite imagery

Obtaining wetland data with high spatial accuracy and typological completeness is essential for understanding ecosystem functions, evaluating services, and informing conservation policy. However, fine-scale wetland mapping in tropical island regions remains challenging due to persistent cloud cover, image limitations, complex wetland types, and dynamic hydrology.We developed a sub-meter resolution wetland mapping framework for Hainan Island, China, by integrating multi-source optical imagery (WorldView-2/3, Gaofen-1/2), dual-temporal features, and RTK-based field validation. A hierarchical classification system was designed, consisting of three major categories and 17 subcategories, aligned with Ramsar Convention criteria and adapted to island-specific conditions.The 2019 wetland map (3842.84 km2) achieved an overall accuracy of 96.13% (Kappa = 0.95). The framework successfully identified numerous small and fragmented wetland patches (0.0004–0.08 km2) that had been omitted in national wetland inventories. The results also revealed rapid artificial wetland expansion and pronounced spatial heterogeneity in natural wetlands.This study delivers a reliable high-resolution dataset and a replicable methodology for tropical island wetland mapping. The results provide a critical basis for wetland monitoring, blue carbon assessment, and ecological management, while offering a transferable framework that can be applied to other coastal and island environments.

• Publication year

  2025

• Venue

  Frontiers in Marine Science

• Publication date

  2025-08-29

• Fields of study

  Not labeled

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.3389/fmars.2025.1653430
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• An automated approach for updating land cover change maps using satellite imagery

  2025cited by this paper
• Enhancing Wetland Mapping: Integrating Sentinel-1/2, GEDI Data, and Google Earth Engine

  2024cited by this paper
• GWL_FCS30: a global 30 m wetland map with a fine classification system using multi-sourced and time-series remote sensing imagery in 2020

  2023cited by this paper
• Wetland mapping in East Asia by two-stage object-based Random Forest and hierarchical decision tree algorithms on Sentinel-1/2 images

  2023cited by this paper
• Impacts of Evaporation‐Induced Groundwater Upwelling on Mixing Dynamics in Shallow Wetlands

  2023cited by this paper
• WetMapFormer: A unified deep CNN and vision transformer for complex wetland mapping

  2023cited by this paper
• A coastal wetlands mapping approach of Yellow River Delta with a hierarchical classification and optimal feature selection framework

  2023cited by this paper
• Analysis of carbon emissions from land cover change during 2000 to 2020 in Shandong Province, China

  2022cited by this paper
• The Transformation of 40-Year Coastal Wetland Policies in China: Network Analysis and Text Analysis.

  2022cited by this paper
• An Attention-Enhanced End-to-End Discriminative Network With Multiscale Feature Learning for Remote Sensing Image Retrieval

  2022cited by this paper
• STATE-WIDE WETLAND INVENTORY MAP OF MINNESOTA USING MULTI-SOURCE AND MULTI-TEMPORALREMOTE SENSING DATA

  2022cited by this paper
• Effects of Sea Level Rise on Land Use and Ecosystem Services in the Liaohe Delta

  2022cited by this paper
• Remote Sensing Approach for Monitoring Coastal Wetland in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam: Change Trends and Their Driving Forces

  2021cited by this paper
• An Adaptive Change Threshold Selection Method Based on Land Cover Posterior Probability and Spatial Neighborhood Information

  2021cited by this paper
• Wetland mapping with multi-temporal sentinel-1 & -2 imagery (2017 – 2020) and LiDAR data in the grassland natural region of alberta

  2021cited by this paper
• Impact of climate change on wetland ecosystems: A critical review of experimental wetlands.

  2021cited by this paper
• Meta-Analysis of Wetland Classification Using Remote Sensing: A Systematic Review of a 40-Year Trend in North America

  2020cited by this paper
• Bending the Curve of Global Freshwater Biodiversity Loss: An Emergency Recovery Plan

  2020cited by this paper
• Methodologies and Management Framework for Restoration of Wetland Hydrologic Connectivity: A Synthesis

  2020cited by this paper
• Wetland ecosystem services research: A critical review

  2020cited by this paper
• National wetland mapping in China: A new product resulting from object-based and hierarchical classification of Landsat 8 OLI images

  2020cited by this paper
• Wetland Monitoring Using SAR Data: A Meta-Analysis and Comprehensive Review

  2020cited by this paper
• Wetland extent tools for SDG 6.6.1 reporting from the Satellite-based Wetland Observation Service (SWOS)

  2020cited by this paper
• Rapid expansion of coastal aquaculture ponds in China from Landsat observations during 1984-2016

  2019cited by this paper
• Assessment of Convolution Neural Networks for Wetland Mapping with Landsat in the Central Canadian Boreal Forest Region

  2019cited by this paper
• Response of Wetland Evapotranspiration to Land Use/Cover Change and Climate Change in Liaohe River Delta, China

  2019cited by this paper
• Rapid Invasion of Spartina Alterniflora in the Coastal Zone of Mainland China: Spatiotemporal Patterns and Human Prevention

  2019cited by this paper
• A New Vegetation Index to Detect Periodically Submerged Mangrove Forest Using Single-Tide Sentinel-2 Imagery

  2019cited by this paper
• Monitoring loss and recovery of mangrove forests during 42 years: The achievements of mangrove conservation in China

  2018cited by this paper
• The global distribution and trajectory of tidal flats

  2018cited by this paper
• Conversions between natural wetlands and farmland in China: A multiscale geospatial analysis.

  2018cited by this paper
• The Harmonized Landsat and Sentinel-2 surface reflectance data set

  2018cited by this paper
• China's wetlands loss to urban expansion

  2018cited by this paper
• Global wetlands: Potential distribution, wetland loss, and status.

  2017cited by this paper
• A Review of Wetland Remote Sensing

  2017cited by this paper
• POLWET – system for new space-based products for wetlands under Ramsar Convention

  2016cited by this paper
• Object-Based Image Analysis in Wetland Research: A Review

  2015cited by this paper
• Mapping China’s mangroves based on an object-oriented classification of Landsat imagery

  2014cited by this paper
• Wetlands, carbon, and climate change

  2013cited by this paper
• Finer resolution observation and monitoring of global land cover: first mapping results with Landsat TM and ETM+ data

  2013cited by this paper
• China’s Wetlands: Conservation Plans and Policy Impacts

  2012cited by this paper
• China’s wetland change (1990–2000) determined by remote sensing

  2010cited by this paper
• Radar detection of wetland ecosystems: a review

  2008cited by this paper
• Biogeochemistry of Methane Exchange between Natural Wetlands and the Atmosphere

  2005cited by this paper
• Wetland resources : Status, trends, ecosystem services, and restorability

  2005cited by this paper
• GLC2000: a new approach to global land cover mapping from Earth observation data

  2005cited by this paper
• Development of a global land cover characteristics database and IGBP DISCover from 1 km AVHRR data

  2000cited by this paper
• Climate change and northern prairie wetlands: Simulations of long-term dynamics

  1995cited by this paper

• No citing papers are available for this paper.