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High-density lipoprotein levels and its correlation with Interferon-gamma levels in leprosy patients

Amel R. Hassan,Asmaa Y. El Sary,Samaa Mohamed,Rania Hosnay,Noha E. Mohamad

Published 2025 in Egyptian Journal of Dermatology and Venereology

ABSTRACT

Mycobacterium lepra infection causes leprosy. Primarily affecting the skin and peripheral nerves, it is a persistent viral illness. Peripheral nerve damage can cause severe impairment and disability. The type of lipoproteins known as high-density lipoproteins (HDL) is distinguished by its capacity to return cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver. Their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties play a major part in their ability to prevent diseases. A pleiotropic molecule, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) has mechanisms that are linked to antiproliferative, pro-apoptotic, and anticancer effects. Due to its ability to maintain both CD4+ and CD8+ cell activity and regulate a variety of protective functions, this effector cytokine is frequently regarded as a significant effector of immunity. The current study aimed to evaluate HDL levels in sera of leprotic patients and assess its correlation with IFN-γ levels. This study included 31 leprotic patients and 30 healthy subjects as a control. Serum HDL is estimated by enzymatic methods using spectrophotometric assay kits while serum IFN-γ is estimated using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). There was no statistically significant difference between the two studied groups regarding HDL. There was a higher statistically significant difference between the two studied groups regarding IFN-γ with higher levels in the cases group. There was no significant correlation between both HDL and IFN-γ and age and duration. There is no correlation between serum levels of HDL and levels of IFN-γ in leprosy patients.

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