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Reliability and Validity of the HBSC Physical Activity Questionnaire in Japanese Adolescents

Chiaki Tanaka,Masashi Watanabe,Kan Oishi,John J. Reilly,Kojiro Ishii,Shigeho Tanaka

Published 2025 in Children

ABSTRACT

Highlights What are the main findings? The Japanese version of the WHO Health Behaviour in School-aged Children physical activity questionnaire (HBSC-J) had an acceptable reliability and validity for evaluating moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) in Japanese adolescents of both sexes. Duration, but not frequency, of vigorous physical activity as measured by the questionnaire was related to the accelerometer measurement in both sexes. What is the implication of the main finding? The HBSC-J questionnaire is acceptable for evaluating daily MVPA in Japanese adolescents. An MVPA of 60 min per day as measured by an accelerometer corresponded to 3.6 days with 60 min per day measured by the questionnaire. Abstract Background/Objectives: International physical activity (PA) questionnaires require a reliability and validity assessment in many countries to understand cross-cultural differences accurately. The current study examined the reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the WHO Health Behaviour in School-aged Children PA (HBSC-J) survey in adolescent students in Japan. Methods: The participants were 215 Japanese high school students. The HBSC-J was administered twice to measure reliability. The PA in the last week evaluated using the HBSC-J was compared with the PA evaluated using a triaxial accelerometer to measure the concurrent validity. Results: The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for reliability were 0.74 for the number of days, with 60 min/day or more of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). For the days with an MVPA of 60 min/day or more, ICCs were lower for girls (0.63 [0.49–0.74]) than boys (0.82 [0.75–0.87]). Positive correlations were observed between the accelerometry MVPA and the number of days, with at least 60 min/day of MVPA (r = 0.44). Conclusions: The HBSC-J questionnaire should be acceptable for evaluating MVPA in Japanese adolescents, with a reasonable reliability and validity.

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