Causative organisms of urinary tract infections and their drug sensitivity: an analysis from various aspects

Objective Urinary tract infection is a prevalent and complex clinical condition. To treat urinary tract infections more effectively, we sought to describe the distribution and antibiotic susceptibility of causative organisms in patients. Materials and methods We retrospectively analyzed 3,685 patients with urinary tract infections between 2022 and 2023, treated at the Department of Urology of Wuhan Union Hospital. Clinical data, urine culture results, and drug sensitivity test data were collected for further analysis. Results Of all 3,685 patients with positive urine cultures, 3,899 strains of causative organisms were isolated. Gram-negative bacteria (2,242/3899, 57.50%) were the most common causative organisms, among which Escherichia coli (1,250/3899, 32.06%) was the most common species. Drug sensitivity tests showed that most pathogens exhibited high sensitivity to restricted antibiotics (e.g., carbapenems) and cephalosporins (nearly 100 and 90%, respectively), but high resistance rates to quinolones and macrolides (over 50%). Comparing the distribution of causative organisms and drug sensitivity between 2022 and 2023, we found that the proportion of E. coli and Proteus mirabilis have increased significantly (p = 0.0066 and p = 0.0003, respectively), while the proportion of Enterococcus faecium have decreased significantly (p = 0.0419). Compared to non-stone infections, stone-associated infections showed a significantly higher proportion of P. mirabilis (p < 0.0001), consistent with its role in magnesium ammonium phosphate stones formation. Significant differences in pathogen distribution were also observed between outpatient and ward settings (E. coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterobacter aerogenes, E. faecium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii). Conclusion Based on the above results, cephalosporins are recommended to be applied in the initial empirical treatment, with timely adjustment according to the results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing.

• Publication year

  2025

• Venue

  Frontiers in Public Health

• Publication date

  2025-10-29

• Fields of study

  Medicine

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1487721PMID 41235185PMCID 12605273
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Prevalence and antibiotic resistance profile of UTI-causing uropathogenic bacteria in diabetics and non-diabetics at the Maternity and Children Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

  2024cited by this paper
• Prevalence and Resistance Patterns of Urinary Tract Infection in Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Study.

  2024cited by this paper
• Acute Uncomplicated UTIs in Adults: Rapid Evidence Review.

  2024cited by this paper
• WHO's essential medicines and AWaRe: recommendations on first- and second-choice antibiotics for empiric treatment of clinical infections.

  2024cited by this paper
• Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection in Adult Patients, Risk Factors, and Efficacy of Low Dose Prophylactic Antibiotics Therapy

  2023cited by this paper
• Urinary Tract Infections Caused by Uropathogenic Escherichia coli: Mechanisms of Infection and Treatment Options

  2023cited by this paper
• Decreasing susceptibility of bacteria to ampicillin/ sulbactam and third generation cephalosporins in urinary tract infections

  2022cited by this paper
• Urinary tract infections decreased in Finnish children during the COVID-19 pandemic

  2022cited by this paper
• Multiple drug resistance bacterial isolates and associated factors among urinary stone patients at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

  2021cited by this paper
• A Retrospective Study of Immunotherapy Treatment with Uro-Vaxom (OM-89®) for Prophylaxis of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections.

  2020cited by this paper
• Indwelling Urinary Catheter Model of Proteus mirabilis Infection.

  2019cited by this paper
• Editorial comment on END-2018-0852-OR.R1.

  2019cited by this paper
• Outcomes of Endourologic Interventions in Patients with Preoperative Funguria

  2019cited by this paper
• From Catheter to Kidney Stone: The Uropathogenic Lifestyle of Proteus mirabilis.

  2017cited by this paper
• Formation of struvite urinary stones and approaches towards the inhibition-A review.

  2017cited by this paper
• Western Journal of Emergency Medicine: Integrating Emergency Care with Population Health Can Urinalysis and Past Medical History of Kidney Stones Predict Urine Antibiotic Resistance?

  year unknowncited by this paper

• No citing papers are available for this paper.