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MXene-Based Catalysts for Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction Reaction.

Zhekai Song,Shiyuan Fan,Zhijie Cui,W. Peng,Zhiying Wang,Jiapeng Liu

Published 2025 in Small

ABSTRACT

Ammonia (NH3) is a key raw material for fertilizer production, as well as an emerging clean energy source. Presently, the current principal strategy for industrial NH3 production is the Haber-Bosch process, which consumes energy and causes environmental problems. Because of its potential for mild reaction conditions and environmentally friendly, sustainable production, the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) has garnered a lot of attention as an NH3 synthesis technique. However, it has also encountered certain difficulties, such as low faradaic efficiency (FE) and low NH3 yield rate. Therefore, developing high-performance catalysts for the NRR has become a key objective. Transition metal carbides/nitrides/carbon nitrides (MXene) are a recently created 2D material that has a unique layered structure, a large specific surface area, high electrical conductivity, and unique physicochemical properties. These advantages demonstrate that MXene-based materials exhibit the great development potential as NRR catalysts. Consequently, this review offers a thorough summary of MXene composition, characteristics, and production methods. In addition, a summary of the most recent developments in MXene-based NRR catalyst research is provided. Lastly, the present difficulties and potential for future advancements in MXene-based NRR catalysts are examined. For the later development of MXene-based NRR catalysts, this review offered scientific direction.

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