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Influence of cells malignancy on pores formation under bipolar electric pulse

R. D. Negoita,A. Pleava,M. Ilisanu,M. Mihailescu,E. Scarlat,V. L. Calin

Published 2025 in Romanian Reports in Physics

ABSTRACT

The application of controlled external electric pulses increases cell membrane conductivity by generating pores that act as aqueous channels within the lipid bilayer able to facilitate drugs delivery into the cell, phenomenon known as electropermeabilization. In this study, optical properties extracted from phase images of cells of two malignancy stages were used to compare the pores density formed inside their membranes. Numerical simulations were performed on cells of elongated shapes, using bipolar electric pulses of two pulse durations, alongside multiple values of the pulse amplitude, extracellular medium conductivity, pore radius, and cell orientation relative to the electric field lines. As reference, simplified topologies (ellipses) were also evaluated under the same conditions. Our examination of the spatio-temporal distribution of pores density indicated higher values at cells poles, in lower-conductivity extracellular media and for higher electric pulse amplitude. Cells in higher malignant stage consistently showed an increased pores density, suggesting an enhanced capacity for an intracellular drug accumulation during membrane electropermeabilization. This simulation-derived information, incorporating experimental data at the cellular level, can be used to develop procedures applicable in clinical medicine.

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