Decadal warming and increased precipitation interactively affect N 2 O emissions based on a long‐term field experiment and a meta‐analysis

Global warming and altered precipitation affect nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions from terrestrial ecosystems; however, the interactive effects of these global change factors on N 2 O emissions remain unclear. Here, we use data from a decade‐long field experiment in an alpine meadow on the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau and a global meta‐analysis to examine how warming (W) and increased precipitation (P) interactively drive N 2 O emissions. Our field experiment showed that W and P enhanced N 2 O emissions by 36.2% and 23.9%, respectively. However, P dampened the W effect on N 2 O emissions, suggesting an antagonistic interaction between the two global change factors. The N 2 O emissions were jointly regulated by edaphic properties (such as soil moisture content, temperature and pH) and denitrifying microbial communities, with soil denitrifiers (particularly nir S abundance and community composition) driving N 2 O fluxes, underscoring the microbial mechanisms regulating N 2 O emissions under climate change. The meta‐analysis, synthesizing 75 observations, revealed that N 2 O emissions were enhanced by W (+4.5%), P (+18.6%) and WP (+9.4%). Our findings indicate that W and P exhibit positive feedbacks to climate change and the interactive effects of W and P call for more multi‐factor experiments to provide data for improving Earth system models to better assess climate change effects on future greenhouse gas fluxes. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.

• Publication year

  2025

• Venue

  Functional Ecology

• Publication date

  2025-11-04

• Fields of study

  Not labeled

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1111/1365-2435.70159
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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