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Effect of dietary natural phytoncide on blood characteristics to lipopolysaccharide challenge of Hanwoo cattle

Bohye Park,Donghun Kang,S. Jang,Uihyung Kim,Jong-Koon Kim,Bonghwan Choi,Seungchang Kim,K. Chung

Published 2025 in Journal of Animal Science and Technology

ABSTRACT

Abstract This study indicated that dietary natural phytoncide feed additives altered immune-related serum parameters and serum metabolites in Hanwoo bulls. Cypress (CYP) and mugwort (MUG) extracts were supplemented at 0.5 mg/kg of concentrate diet for 90 days. A total of 15 bulls with initial body weights of 196.00±5.33 kg (control), 196.00±3.91 kg (CYP), and 196.00±3.31 kg (MUG) were used in a 90-day feeding experiment. Changes in serum immunological parameters were analyzed following a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. To minimize stress, a jugular vein catheter was installed in each animal, and animals were acclimated for 24 hours before sampling. Blood samples were collected 13 times at 30-minute intervals after the third sampling point, following intravenous injection of LPS (1 µg/kg bodyweigth). Serum albumin (ALB), glucose (GLU), total protein (TP), triglycerides (TG), inorganic phosphorus (IP), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), cortisol, and proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were analyzed using standard procedures. After LPS injection, serum GLU and TG levels increased (p > 0.05), whereas serum NEFA levels decreased (p < 0.05). Neither serum GLU nor TG levels were significantly affected by phytoncide supplementation. Proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α increased over time after LPS injection; however, serum TNF-α levels tended to be lower in the phytoncide-treated groups compared to the CON (p > 0.05). Additionally, serum cortisol levels were lower in phytoncide-treated groups than in the CON following LPS challenge, although the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with natural phytoncide modified serum metabolite profiles and contributed to a reduction in proinflammatory cytokine responses in Hanwoo bulls under LPS-induced immune stress.

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