A novel antiviral strategy by disrupting the equilibrium of virus-host calcium homeostasis.

Calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis is essential for cellular signaling and protein trafficking. Viruses are comparatively simple organisms that leverage the availability of host cellular mechanisms for viral replication, including the manipulation of cellular Ca2+ dynamics-related processes. We review the dependence of HIV on cellular Ca2+ to promote viral replication, including stabilization of viral protein complexes in clinically latent HIV infected cells. We also discuss some of the general reliance of cellular Ca2+ homeostasis on viral propagation across several viruses. We discuss viral manipulations of cellular Ca2+ regulation for viral replication, specifically for viral assembly, complex stability, and disassembly. We close with an exploration of therapeutic opportunities via Ca2+ homeostasis disruption to mediate dysregulation of viral complex formation for viral peptide antigen presentation. Thereby, we aim to unlock a novel strategy to achieve an antiviral effect by modulating host-cell regulatory processes.

• Publication year

  2025

• Venue

  Current Opinion in Virology

• Publication date

  2025-11-10

• Fields of study

  Biology, Medicine

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1016/j.coviro.2025.101497PMID 41218419
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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