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The epidemiological features of and correlation between central obesity and major cardiometabolic disease clustering among middle-aged and elderly residents in Xinjiang

M. Abudusilimu,X. Muyiduli,Shawulaxi Rejiafu,A. Sulidan,C. Ling,Rong Zhang

Published 2025 in BMC Public Health

ABSTRACT

Research analysing central obesity and cardiometabolic diseases among residents in multiethnic areas in western China is relatively rare. The purpose of this study was to explore the epidemiological features of and correlations between central obesity and cardiometabolic disease clustering in residents of Xinjiang aged 40 years and older. Data from the “China Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance (CCDRFS)” program, which covered 8 districts in Xinjiang from 2013 to 2023, were used, and data were collected via questionnaires, body measurements and laboratory tests. Chi-square tests and binary logistic regression were used for statistical analysis in SPSS 26.0. A total of 10,908 participants (46.21% male, 53.79% female) were included in this study. The prevalence of central obesity was 81.49% and was higher among women. The prevalences of mild and severe disease were 34.31% and 47.18%, respectively. The prevalence of cardiometabolic disease clustering was 40.95%. Factors such as sex, age, urban‒rural distribution, and education level were associated with the prevalence of central obesity and cardiometabolic disease clustering. The prevalence of central obesity showed a continuous increasing trend over time, whereas the clustering of major cardiometabolic diseases decreased first but then increased. The prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases increased with increasing central obesity in men and women and in the overall population. Multivariate analysis revealed that after adjustment for age, urban‒rural distribution and education level, the risk of having two major cardiometabolic diseases was 1.860 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.533–2.257) and 3.658 (95% CI: 3.035–4.409) times greater, respectively, in men with mild and severe central obesity than in men with noncentral obesity, while the corresponding values were 1.758 (95% CI: 1.439–2.147) and 3.000 (95% CI: 2.480–3.629), respectively, in women. The risk of having three or more major cardiometabolic diseases was 2.415 (95% CI: 1.730–3.371) and 5.552 (95% CI: 4.039–7.632) times greater in men with mild and severe central obesity, respectively, than in men with noncentral obesity, and the corresponding values were 2.130 (95% CI: 1.476–3.075) and 5.570 (95% CI: 3.958–7.838), respectively, in women. Central obesity and cardiometabolic disease clustering is significant in Xinjiang’s middle-aged and elderly population. The risk of cardiometabolic disease clustering is greater in people with central obesity, especially those with greater waist circumference. The prevalence of related diseases has increased significantly and demands attention in terms of prevention and control.

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