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Adaptive Hand Visibility for Accurate 3D User Interactions in Virtual Environments

Rumeysa Türkmen,Laurent Voisard,Marta Kersten-Oertel,Anil Ufuk Batmaz

Published 2025 in International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality

ABSTRACT

Hand visualization significantly impacts user performance in virtual reality (VR), particularly in tasks requiring precise finger movements. Common hand avatar visualizations, such as opaque or transparent, often occlude critical elements or distract users, potentially reducing accuracy. To address this issue, we investigated adaptive hand visibility techniques, which vary the hand avatar visibility based on the current movement sub-task aiming to enhance user performance. We evaluated these techniques on a VR-based Pedicle Screw Placement task with 15 participants. Each participant inserted virtual screws into a spine using five hand visualization conditions: opaque, transparent, invisible, speed-based visibility (hand visibility changes with hand speed), and position-based visibility (hand visibility adapts to the proximity of critical elements). Results showed that speed-based and position-based visualizations significantly improved accuracy, usability, and overall performance compared to traditional methods. The widely adopted opaque visualization yielded the lowest accuracy and usability. Our findings emphasize the benefits of adaptive hand visualization based on sub-tasks, recommending its implementation in VR applications to increase usability and user accuracy.

PUBLICATION RECORD

  • Publication year

    2025

  • Venue

    International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality

  • Publication date

    2025-10-08

  • Fields of study

    Medicine, Computer Science, Engineering

  • Identifiers
    DOI 10.1109/ISMAR67309.2025.00015
  • External record

    Open on Semantic Scholar

  • Source metadata

    Semantic Scholar

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