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Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Associated with Maize and Peanut Crop in Northern Côte d’Ivoire

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Published 2021 in International Journal of Biosciences

ABSTRACT

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) are known to be more efficient and effective in helping the growth of plants. Understanding the diversity and community structure of AMF is important for optimizing their potential role in the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems. However, AMF diversity is less explored in tropical areas especially in northern CI, where agriculture is often encountered low yields. In this regard, exploring of AMF in these soils was conducted to look at the population of AMF indigenous. Rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric soils were collected from peanut and maize fields in different localities of the Korhogo area in northern Côte d’Ivoire. The density and Morphological diversity of AMF spores associated with these crops were determined in these soils. Then the effect of corn and peanut crops on the morphological diversity of AMF spores was also evaluated. Results showed that maize has significantly improved spore density of soil more than a peanut. The morphological identification of AMF spores associated with peanut and maize made it possible to list eleven species divided into five genera and three spore families including Gigasporaceae (36,36 %), Acaulosporaceae (18,18 %) and Glomeraceae (45,46 %). A better distribution of these different morphotypes has been observed in the rhizospheric soils of both crops, with a pronounced effect observed in the maize crop.

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