Avocado Seed‐Derived Activated Carbon for the Bioremediation of Uranium(VI) and Thorium(IV): Process Optimization via Response‐Surface Methodology

Activated carbon derived from avocado seeds (ASAC) was synthesized by phosphoric acid activation and evaluated for U(VI) and Th(IV) removal from acidic water. Batch tests interpreted with response‐surface methodology identified initial pH and metal concentration as the dominant variables. Under optimal conditions (pH 3.0, 50 mg/L, 25°C), Langmuir fits yielded monolayer capacities of 49.5 mg/g for U(VI) and 69.4 mg/g for Th(IV). More than 90% of uptake occurred within 5 min under the previous conditions, and the time‐profiles were well described by a pseudo‐second‐order model (PSO). Isotherm and thermodynamic parameters ( ΔG ° < 0, ΔH ° < 0) indicate spontaneous, exothermic physisorption. SEM and XRD confirmed a meso‐/microporous carbon rich in oxygenated sites that promote ion exchange and surface complexation. Transforming an abundant agricultural residue into an efficient radionuclide sorbent offers a cost‐effective option for treating mining and nuclear effluents while valorizing waste biomass.

• Publication year

  2025

• Venue

  Environmental Quality Management

• Publication date

  2025-11-11

• Fields of study

  Not labeled

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1002/tqem.70211
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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