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One-pot production of colored bacterial cellulose.

Hengrui Zhou,P. Lin,Ki Jun Jeong,Sang Yup Lee

Published 2025 in Trends in Biotechnology

ABSTRACT

Due to health and pollution concerns, sustainable textile production is receiving increasing attention. Bacterial cellulose (BC) offers an environmentally friendly alternative to petroleum-based fabrics. However, the use of petroleum-based synthetic colorants and toxic reagents in dyeing processes impedes the fully sustainable production of colored BC. To address this issue, we developed a one-pot production system for colored BC biosynthesis, aiming to simplify and streamline the manufacturing process. A co-culture strategy using Escherichia coli for natural colorant synthesis and Komagataeibacter xylinus for BC synthesis was developed and optimized to achieve the one-pot production of multicolored BC, including proviolacein-BC (green), prodeoxyviolacein-BC (blue), violacein-BC (navy), deoxyviolacein-BC (purple), astaxanthin-BC (red), β-carotene-BC (orange), and zeaxanthin-BC (yellow). This study demonstrates the robust co-culture strategy and platform for efficient, scalable, and eco-friendly process biopolymer-based fabric production, offering a sustainable alternative for applications in the living materials industry.

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