Clinical characteristics and healthcare resource utilization among patients hospitalized for pulmonary tuberculosis: A national inpatient database study in Japan.

BACKGROUND In Japan, discharge for pulmonary tuberculosis requires microbiological confirmation of non-infectivity, leading to prolonged hospitalization. International guidelines increasingly support early discharge based on clinical stability. This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and healthcare utilization of hospitalized tuberculosis patients in Japan and to estimate the proportion potentially eligible for early discharge and associated cost savings. METHODS This nationwide retrospective cohort study analyzed patients hospitalized for pulmonary tuberculosis, who received rifampicin and isoniazid within 7 days of admission. Data were extracted from an inpatient claims database between June 2010 and March 2023. Patients who met the following predefined clinical criteria were eligible for early discharge: absence of drug resistance, absence of severe comorbidities, and functional independence. Cost simulation was performed under the assumption that patients eligible for early discharge were discharged 14 days after treatment initiation. RESULTS Overall, 22,634 patients were eligible. Their mean age was 71.1 years; approximately 40 % required some assistance with activities of daily living. The mean length of hospitalization was 59.2 days (standard deviation, 50.7); the median hospitalization cost was USD 8,974 (interquartile range, 5,696-14,706). Overall, 32.9 % of patients met the criteria for early discharge. Under the hypothetical early discharge scenario, the median estimated cost saving per patient was USD 4,625 (interquartile range, 2,332-8,560). CONCLUSIONS Early discharge may be feasible for a subset of hospitalized pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Japan and could contribute toward optimizing healthcare resource utilization by reducing hospitalization costs.

• Publication year

  2025

• Venue

  Respiratory Investigation

• Publication date

  2025-11-17

• Fields of study

  Medicine

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1016/j.resinv.2025.11.007PMID 41253083
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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