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Multi-parameter intravascular PS-OCT based on similar Mueller matrix method

Qingrui Li,Yin Yu,Rongyang Zhu,Kun Liu,Junfeng Jiang,Tiegen Liu,Zhenyang Ding

Published 2025 in SPIE/COS Photonics Asia

ABSTRACT

Intravascular polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) is a powerful technique for measuring the polarization characteristics of vessel walls. It provides the polarization characteristics of coronary atherosclerotic lesions. It extends the traditional intensity-based OCT to obtain cross-sectional polarization images of depth resolved microstructure. Intravascular PS-OCT extracts categories of information, includes birefringence, diattenuation, optical axis and depolarization. We developed the similar Mueller matrix (SMM) method based on matrix decomposition and similar matrix techniques, enabling PS-OCT to demodulate and image multi-parameter information, birefringence, diattenuation, and depolarization, locally and globally. The similar Mueller matrix incoherent averaging (SMA) algorithm functionalizes new parameters for PS-OCT imaging. Deriving from SMA, estimating medium depolarization index (EMDI) method significantly enhance the existing parameters, improving imaging quality and accuracy. The proposed methods enable PS-OCT to achieve high-resolution tomographic imaging with a more comprehensive parameter set, strong robustness, and minimal intermodal coupling. Monte Carlo numerical simulations validate and evaluate the computational stability under various noise conditions for each parameter. We design phantom imaging experiments that demonstrate excellent imaging performance and robust decoupling capability. In ex-vivo porcine coronary artery imaging, multi-parameter intravascular PS-OCT successfully differentiates healthy tissues and identifies simulated pathological plaques with distinct properties. Through a series of studies on the demodulation of PS-OCT modalities, we have successfully realized the multi-parameter imaging potential of PS-OCT for vascular imaging, marking a significant step toward clinical applications and diagnostic guidance.

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