Modeling approaches for estimating the effects of risk factors using longitudinal lifecourse exposure data in dementia research

Emma Nichols,Ava Bindas,Samer Atshan,Howard Chang,Yao-Yi Chiang,Birgit Claus Henn,Eleanor Hayes-Larson,K. Keller,K. Kezios,Regina A. Shih,A. Szpiro,Jordan Weiss,Sara D Adar,David M Knapp,Jinkook Lee,Jennifer Weuve

Published 2025 in Alzheimer's & Dementia

ABSTRACT

Longitudinal data on risk factors at different ages across the lifecourse are essential for gaining important insights into how the timing and accumulation of exposure to risk factors influence the risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (dementia). With increased interest in the exposome and lifecourse research questions, there have been commensurate increases in data sources and methodological approaches for answering these questions using empirical data. Methodological approaches developed within specific disciplines have largely remained within disciplinary silos, despite their potential for broader applications. By enumerating these approaches in a single place, we aim to expand discovery in lifecourse dementia research and help investigators align their research questions with appropriate analytic methods. In doing so, we seek to guide methodological decision‐making and ensure that researchers use appropriate statistical tools to answer important questions about the exposome and lifecourse risk factors for dementia.

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