AI ROLE IN INITIAL STAGE OF STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING IN CIVIL INFRASTRUCTURES

Rashmi M. Kittali,Ashok V. Sutagundar

Published 2025 in International Journal of Applied Mathematics

ABSTRACT

            Structural integrity assessment is crucial for ensuring the safety and longevity of infrastructure. Cracks, a common structural defect, can originate from various causes, including mechanical stress, environmental factors, and material degradation. These cracks are classified based on their orientation (horizontal, vertical, diagonal), cause (structural, non-structural), and propagation behavior (surface, subsurface, thorough). Traditional crack detection methods such as Visual Inspection Analysis (VIA), Acoustic Emission (AE), and Ultrasonic Testing (UT) have been widely used for in-situ analysis. These methods, while effective, often involve high costs, time-consuming manual inspections, and limited accuracy in complex structures. Digital Image Processing (DIP) and Visual Inspection (VI) offer cost-effective solutions for initial crack detection, but their effectiveness is limited without automation. Recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have revolutionized Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) by automating crack detection and classification. Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL), key AI subfields, provide robust solutions for automatic crack identification by analyzing image patterns and structural datasets. ML models use predefined features extracted from images or sensor data, while DL models operate directly on raw images or feature vectors to classify cracks accurately. These AI-driven approaches significantly enhance the efficiency and accuracy of crack detection compared to traditional methods. However, challenges such as data availability, model generalization, and real-time implementation need to be addressed for widespread adoption. The integration of AI with existing SHM frameworks holds great potential for improving structural assessment, reducing maintenance costs, and preventing catastrophic failures.

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