Uveitis Characteristics and Risk of Developing Central Nervous System Inflammatory Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study

ABSTRACT Purpose To identify the clinical characteristics of uveitis that are associated with an increased risk of developing CNS inflammatory diseases following the onset of uveitis. Methods We analyzed a cohort of patients referred by the Ophthalmology Department for non-infectious and non-purely ophthalmologic-related uveitis to the Internal Medicine Department of Cochin Hospital (Paris, France) between 2009 and 2014 for further diagnostic work-up. Results Among 175 patients, 24 (13.7%) patients had inflammatory lesions of the CNS. Sixteen (9.1%) patients had symptomatic CNS disease. Seven (4%) patients developed the neurological disease after the onset of uveitis (multiple sclerosis n = 4, neurosarcoidosis n = 3), over a median follow-up of 9.4 (7.6–11.4) years. Characteristics of uveitis associated with symptomatic CNS disease were the presence of snowballs (85.7% vs. 25.8%, aOR 12.8 [2.0–248.9], p < 0.01), intermediate or posterior location (100% vs. 68.3%, OR 16.4 [1.95–2148.7], p = 0.01), insidious-onset (57.1% vs. 25.3%, OR 3.9 [0.6–27.8], p = 0.08), multifocal choroiditis (42.9% vs. 11.9%, aOR 2.6 [0.5–12.1], p = 0.05), and recurrence of uveitis (100% vs 56.5%, OR 6.9 [0.7–929.4], p = 0.10). The presence of at least three of these characteristics was associated with a higher risk of developing a symptomatic CNS disease (OR 9.1 [95% CI, 1.02–1201.0], p < 0.01). Conclusion The association between uveitis and CNS inflammatory disease is frequent and some clinical characteristics of uveitis are associated with an increased risk of developing a symptomatic CNS inflammatory disease.

• Publication year

  2026

• Venue

  Ocular immunology and inflammation

• Publication date

  2026-01-22

• Fields of study

  Medicine

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1080/09273948.2025.2612101PMID 41569740
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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