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Development of a patient-reported experience measure for temporomandibular disorders: exploratory factor analysis and reliability testing.

D. Taimeh,Richeal NiRiordain,S. Fedele,R. Leeson

Published 2026 in Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the structural validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability of a newly developed patient-reported experience measure (PREM) for individuals with painful temporomandibular disorders. This PREM was developed to assess the experience of patients while receiving healthcare. STUDY DESIGN This study had a cross-sectional design. A total of 139 patients completed the PREM following clinical visits, with 50 repeating it 2 weeks later. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA), Cronbach α coefficient, and interclass correlation coefficient were utilized to assess the structural validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability, respectively. RESULTS EFA identified a 5-factor structure with 21 items. These domains were "emotional support," "respect for patient centred values," "information, communication and education," "access to care," and "coordination of care." The Cronbach α was 0.7285, indicating good internal consistency, and the intraclass correlation coefficient for the total score was 0.732, reflecting good test-retest reliability. CONCLUSIONS The PREM is a brief tool, which shows potential in assessing patient experiences in facial pain services. It may also support audits and clinical research. Further psychometric validation is recommended.

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