Chemical Oxygen Demand: A Key Determinant in Shaping Biological Community Structure

In response to growing global concerns about the impacts of environmental changes on marine ecosystems, scientists have increasingly turned their attention to the role of aquatic environments in shaping biodiversity. This study aimed to assess the biodiversity of northern Liaodong Bay in the context of environmental changes and to elucidate the mechanisms by which aquatic environmental factors influenced different biological groups. Based on the 2024 survey data of phytoplankton, zooplankton, macrobenthos and nekton, the average Marine Biodiversity Index (MBI, a comprehensive index) was calculated as 53.08, corresponding to a moderate evaluation level. This suggests a relatively rich diversity of marine species and a fairly even distribution. A correlation analysis between water quality factors and biological community structure reveals that biodiversity in the bay is under pressure from multiple environmental stressors, including elevated COD and heavy metal contamination (e.g., Pb). The study recommends targeted biodiversity conservation strategies and ecosystem management measures to enhance the resilience of the bay’s ecosystem and mitigate the effects of these environmental stressors.

• Publication year

  2026

• Venue

  Biology

• Publication date

  2026-03-04

• Fields of study

  Not labeled

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.3390/biology15050418PMCID PMC12985027
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Climate Projections and Pacific Lamprey Conservation: Evidence That Larvae in Natural Conditions May Be Resilient to Climate Warming

  2025cited by this paper
• Spatial-temporal distribution of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients and potential eutrophication assessment in Bohai Bay, China

  2025cited by this paper
• Spatial variation of functional structure of fish communities in the Bohai Sea

  2025cited by this paper
• Temporal and Spatial Distribution of DIN and DIP Concentrations and Source Apportionment Along the Bohai Sea of China During 2015–2022

  2024cited by this paper
• Qualitative Model of the Causal Interactions between Phytoplankton, Zooplankton, and Environmental Factors in the Romanian Black Sea

  2024cited by this paper
• Characterization of Nutrients, Heavy Metals, Petroleum and Their Impact on Phytoplankton in Laizhou Bay: Implications for Environmental Management and Monitoring

  2024cited by this paper
• Composition and distribution of nutrients and environmental capacity in Dapeng Bay, northern South China Sea.

  2024cited by this paper
• Decadal variation and temporal stability of the macrobenthic community in the Bohai Sea, China.

  2024cited by this paper
• Changes in the Characteristics of Zooplankton Communities in Response to Shifts in the Aquatic Environment in the Shallow Waters of Northern Liaodong Bay, China

  2024cited by this paper
• Temperature and nutrients alter the relative importance of stochastic and deterministic processes in the coastal macroinvertebrates biodiversity assembly on long‐time scales

  2024cited by this paper
• How a coastal megacity affects marine biodiversity and ecosystem function: Impacts of reduced water quality and other anthropogenic stressors

  2024cited by this paper
• Nutrient dynamics in the Bohai and North Yellow seas from seasonal to decadal scales: Unveiling Bohai Sea eutrophication mitigation in the 2010s.

  2023cited by this paper
• A review of the application of the macroinvertebrate-based multimetric indices (MMIs) for water quality monitoring in lakes

  2023cited by this paper
• Tide drives nutrients variation and exchange flux in the semi-enclosed Shuidong Bay coastal water in winter, South China Sea

  2023cited by this paper
• [Effects of Pollution Control of Xiaoqing River on Environment Factors and Phytoplankton Community in the Laizhou Bay].

  2022cited by this paper
• Species and functional diversity of marine macrobenthic community and benthic habitat quality assessment in semi-enclosed waters upon recovering from eutrophication, Bohai Bay, China.

  2022cited by this paper
• Human pressure drives biodiversity–multifunctionality relationships in large Neotropical wetlands

  2022cited by this paper
• Contrasting the assembly of phytoplankton and zooplankton communities in a polluted semi-closed sea: Effects of marine compartments and environmental selection.

  2021cited by this paper
• The relationship between zooplankton community and environmental factors of Ghrib Dam in Algeria

  2020cited by this paper
• Levels of heavy metals, total petroleum hydrocarbons, and microbial load in commercially valuable fish from the marine area of Tripoli, Lebanon

  2020cited by this paper
• Biodiversity increases ecosystem functions despite multiple stressors on coral reefs

  2020cited by this paper
• Scientists' warning on invasive alien species

  2020cited by this paper
• Impacts of Aerosol Copper on Marine Phytoplankton: A Review

  2019cited by this paper
• Benthic ecological quality assessment of the Bohai Sea, China using marine biotic indices.

  2019cited by this paper
• SciPy 1.0: fundamental algorithms for scientific computing in Python

  2019cited by this paper
• Nutrients and heavy metals mediate the distribution of microbial community in the marine sediments of the Bohai Sea, China.

  2019cited by this paper
• Effects of hexavalent chromium on phytoplankton and bacterioplankton of the Río de la Plata estuary: an ex-situ assay

  2018cited by this paper
• Seasonal Variation of Environmental Variables and Phytoplankton Community Structure and Their Relationship in Liaodong Bay of Bohai Sea, China

  2018cited by this paper
• Distribution and characteristics of inorganic nutrients in the surface microlayer and subsurface water of the Bohai and Yellow Seas

  2018cited by this paper
• Biodiversity effects in the wild are common and as strong as key drivers of productivity

  2017cited by this paper
• Pathways for the effects of increased nitrogen deposition on fauna

  2017cited by this paper
• Size structure of phytoplankton community and its response to environmental factors in Xiamen Bay, China

  2016cited by this paper
• Global ecological impacts of invasive species in aquatic ecosystems

  2016cited by this paper
• Zooplankton community structure in Jincheng area of Laizhou Bay and its relationship with environmental factors

  2015cited by this paper
• Soil phosphorus saturation ratio for risk assessment in land use systems

  2014cited by this paper
• Assessing benthic ecological status in stressed Liaodong Bay (China) with AMBI and M-AMBI

  2013cited by this paper
• Biodiversity loss and its impact on humanity

  2012cited by this paper
• Effects of Eutrophication, Seasonality and Macrofouling on the Diversity of Bacterial Biofilms in Equatorial Coral Reefs

  2012cited by this paper
• Decadal change in sublittoral macrofaunal biodiversity in the Bohai Sea, China.

  2012cited by this paper
• Interactions between Predation and Resources Shape Zooplankton Population Dynamics

  2011cited by this paper
• Long-term environmental changes and the responses of the ecosystems in the Bohai Sea during 1960–1996

  2010cited by this paper
• Toxicity of atmospheric aerosols on marine phytoplankton

  2009cited by this paper
• Coastal Strains of Marine Synechococcus Species Exhibit Increased Tolerance to Copper Shock and a Distinctive Transcriptional Response Relative to Those of Open-Ocean Strains

  2009cited by this paper
• Mechanisms of bacterial resistance to chromium compounds

  2008cited by this paper
• Spreading Dead Zones and Consequences for Marine Ecosystems

  2008cited by this paper
• Coastal Ecosystem-Based Management with Nonlinear Ecological Functions and Values

  2008cited by this paper
• Depletion, Degradation, and Recovery Potential of Estuaries and Coastal Seas

  2006cited by this paper
• Inhibition of photosystem II photochemistry by Cr is caused by the alteration of both D1 protein and oxygen evolving complex

  2006cited by this paper
• EFFECTS OF BIODIVERSITY ON ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONING: A CONSENSUS OF CURRENT KNOWLEDGE

  2005cited by this paper
• Glacial Mediterranean sea surface temperatures based on planktonic foraminiferal assemblages

  2005cited by this paper
• Crustacean zooplankton in lakes and reservoirs of temperate and tropical regions: variation with trophic status

  2005cited by this paper
• The need for evidence-based conservation.

  2004cited by this paper
• Regime Shifts, Resilience, and Biodiversity in Ecosystem Management

  2004cited by this paper
• Rapid worldwide depletion of predatory fish communities

  2003cited by this paper
• Reorganization of North Atlantic Marine Copepod Biodiversity and Climate

  2002cited by this paper
• Disturbance to Marine Benthic Habitats by Trawling and Dredging: Implications for Marine Biodiversity

  2002cited by this paper
• Acquisition of inorganic carbon by the marine diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii.

  2002cited by this paper
• Hydrodynamic control of late summer species composition and abundance of zooplankton in Hudson Bay and Hudson Strait (Canada)

  2001cited by this paper
• Assessing sediment contamination in estuaries

  2001cited by this paper
• A Marine Biotic Index to Establish the Ecological Quality of Soft-Bottom Benthos Within European Estuarine and Coastal Environments

  2000cited by this paper
• A quantitative analysis of fishing impacts on shelf-sea benthos.

  2000cited by this paper
• Ecology of estuarine macrobenthos

  1999cited by this paper
• Biodiversity and ecosystem productivity in a fluctuating environment: the insurance hypothesis.

  1999cited by this paper
• Fishing down marine food webs

  1998cited by this paper
• Biodiversity enhances ecosystem reliability

  1997cited by this paper
• Adaptation of the Growth of the Diatom Fragilaria crotonensis (Kitton) and the Phytoplankton Assemblage of Lake Erie to Chromium Toxicity

  1996cited by this paper
• Human Aggression

  1989cited by this paper
• The value of benthic infauna in marine pollution monitoring studies

  1987cited by this paper
• Effects of hexavalent and trivalent chromium on the reproduction of Neanthes arenaceodentata (polychaeta)

  1981cited by this paper

• No citing papers are available for this paper.