Asymptotic Log-Loss of Prequential Maximum Likelihood Codes

P. Grünwald,S. D. Rooij

Published 2005 in Annual Conference Computational Learning Theory

ABSTRACT

We analyze the Dawid-Rissanen prequential maximum likelihood codes relative to one-parameter exponential family models M. If data are i.i.d. according to an (essentially) arbitrary P, then the redundancy grows at rate 1/2 c ln n. We show that c = σ 2 1 /σ 2 2 , where σ 2 1 is the variance of P, and σ 2 2 is the variance of the distribution M* ∈ M that is closest to P in KL divergence. This shows that prequential codes behave quite differently from other important universal codes such as the 2-part MDL, Shtarkov and Bayes codes, for which c = 1. This behavior is undesirable in an MDL model selection setting.

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