Circulating Fatty Acids and Prostate Cancer Risk: Individual Participant Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies

Background Individual studies have suggested that some circulating fatty acids are associated with prostate cancer risk, but have not been large enough to provide precise estimates of associations, particularly by stage and grade of disease. Methods Principal investigators of prospective studies on circulating fatty acids and prostate cancer were invited to collaborate. Investigators provided individual participant data on circulating fatty acids (weight percent) and other characteristics of prostate cancer cases and controls. Prostate cancer risk by study-specific fifths of 14 fatty acids was estimated using multivariable-adjusted conditional logistic regression. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results Five thousand and ninety-eight case patients and 6649 control patients from seven studies with an average follow-up of 5.1 (SD = 3.3) years were included. Stearic acid (18:0) was inversely associated with total prostate cancer (odds ratio [OR] Q5 vs Q1 = 0.88, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.78 to 1.00, P trend = .043). Prostate cancer risk was, respectively, 14% and 16% greater in the highest fifth of eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3) (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.01 to 1.29, P trend = .001) and docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-3) (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.02 to 1.33, P trend = .003), but in each case there was heterogeneity between studies (P = .022 and P < .001, respectively). There was heterogeneity in the association between docosapentaenoic acid and prostate cancer by grade of disease (P = .006); the association was statistically significant for low-grade disease but not high-grade disease. The remaining 11 fatty acids were not statistically associated with total prostate cancer risk. Conclusion There was no strong evidence that circulating fatty acids are important predictors of prostate cancer risk. It is not clear whether the modest associations of stearic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosapentaenoic acid are causal.

• Publication year

  2014

• Venue

  Journal of the National Cancer Institute

• Publication date

  2014-09-01

• Fields of study

  Medicine

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1093/jnci/dju240PMID 25210201PMCID 4188122
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Plasma phospholipid fatty acids and prostate cancer risk in the SELECT trial.

  2014influential reference
• Stearoyl-CoA desaturase: rogue or innocent bystander?

  2013cited by this paper
• Plasma phospholipid fatty acids, dietary fatty acids and prostate cancer risk

  2013influential reference
• Serum phospholipid fatty acids, genetic variation in myeloperoxidase, and prostate cancer risk in heavy smokers: a gene-nutrient interaction in the carotene and retinol efficacy trial.

  2013influential reference
• Uptake of prostate‐specific antigen testing for early prostate cancer detection in Sweden

  2011cited by this paper
• Prostate‐specific antigen testing rates remain low in UK general practice: a cross‐sectional study in six English cities

  2011cited by this paper
• Circulating fatty acids and prostate cancer risk in a nested case–control study: the Multiethnic Cohort

  2009influential reference
• Department of Epidemiology

  2009cited by this paper
• The relation of a -linolenic acid to the risk of prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis 1–3

  2009cited by this paper
• The relation of alpha-linolenic acid to the risk of prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

  2009cited by this paper
• Fatty acid composition of adipose tissue and blood in humans and its use as a biomarker of dietary intake.

  2008cited by this paper
• The arachidonic acid pathway and its role in prostate cancer development and progression.

  2008cited by this paper
• Endogenous sex hormones and prostate cancer: a collaborative analysis of 18 prospective studies.

  2008cited by this paper
• Fatty acid composition of plasma phospholipids and risk of prostate cancer in a case-control analysis nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.

  2008cited by this paper
• A 22-y prospective study of fish intake in relation to prostate cancer incidence and mortality.

  2008influential reference
• A Prospective Study of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Levels in Blood and Prostate Cancer Risk

  2007influential reference
• Comparison between plasma and erythrocyte fatty acid content as biomarkers of fatty acid intake in US women.

  2007cited by this paper
• Palm and partially hydrogenated soybean oils adversely alter lipoprotein profiles compared with soybean and canola oils in moderately hyperlipidemic subjects.

  2006influential reference
• Effects of butter high in ruminant trans and monounsaturated fatty acids on lipoproteins, incorporation of fatty acids into lipid classes, plasma C-reactive protein, oxidative stress, hemostatic variables, and insulin in healthy young men.

  2006cited by this paper
• Role of diet in prostate cancer development and progression.

  2005cited by this paper
• Practice of opportunistic prostate-specific antigen screening in Italy: data from the Health Search database

  2004cited by this paper
• Serum linoleic and total polyunsaturated fatty acids in relation to prostate and other cancers: A population‐based cohort study

  2004cited by this paper
• Influence of hydrogenated fat and butter on CVD risk factors: remnant-like particles, glucose and insulin, blood pressure and C-reactive protein.

  2003cited by this paper
• Biomarkers of fat and fatty acid intake.

  2003cited by this paper
• Fatty acids and risk of prostate cancer in a nested case-control study in male smokers.

  2003cited by this paper
• Biochemical indicators of dietary intake.

  1998influential reference
• Asymptomatic incidence and duration of prostate cancer.

  1998cited by this paper
• Prediagnostic level of fatty acids in serum phospholipids: Ω‐3 and Ω‐6 fatty acids and the risk of prostate cancer

  1997cited by this paper
• Prediagnostic level of fatty acids in serum phospholipids: omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and the risk of prostate cancer.

  1997cited by this paper
• Short- and long-term repeatability of fatty acid composition of human plasma phospholipids and cholesterol esters. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study Investigators.

  1995cited by this paper
• Prospective study of plasma fatty acids and risk of prostate cancer.

  1994influential reference
• Histologic grade, clinical stage, and patient age in prostate cancer.

  1988influential reference
• Histologic grade, clinical stage, and patient age in prostate cancer.

  1988cited by this paper
• Environmental factors and cancer incidence and mortality in different countries, with special reference to dietary practices

  1975cited by this paper
• Factor Analysis of International Cancer Mortality Data and per capita Food Consumption

  1974cited by this paper

• Effect Differences of Omega‐3 Fatty Acids From Plant Oil and Fish Oil on Human Health

  2025cites this paper
• Integrated multi‐biofluid extracellular vesicle isolation with dual‐platform mass spectrometry metabolomics for prostate cancer detection

  2025cites this paper
• Associations of plasma omega‐6 and omega‐3 fatty acids with overall and 19 site‐specific cancers: A population‐based cohort study in UK Biobank

  2024cites this paper
• Functional Lipids and Cardiovascular Disease Reduction: A Concise Review

  2024cites this paper
• Application of causal inference methods in individual-participant data meta-analyses in medicine: addressing data handling and reporting gaps with new proposed reporting guidelines

  2024cites this paper
• Promises and Challenges of Dietary Intervention in Patients With Prostate Cancer: Lessons Learned From the CAPFISH-3 Trial.

  2024cites this paper
• Association between blood lipid levels and the risk of liver cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

  2024cites this paper
• Relationship between 4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) as Systemic Biomarker of Lipid Peroxidation and Metabolomic Profiling of Patients with Prostate Cancer

  2023cites this paper
• Pro�les of circulating fatty acids are population-specic and linked to prostate cancer

  2023cites this paper
• Application of Causal Inference Methods to Pooled Longitudinal Non- Randomized Studies: A Methodological Systematic Review

  2023cites this paper
• Circulating trans fatty acids are associated with prostate cancer in Ghanaian and American men

  2023cites this paper
• Dietary intake and biomarkers of linoleic acid and risk of prostate cancer in men: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

  2023cites this paper
• Health Benefits, Food Applications, and Sustainability of Microalgae-Derived N-3 PUFA

  2022cites this paper
• A repeated measures approach to pooled and calibrated biomarker data

  2021cites this paper
• Association of the Omega-3 Index with Incident Prostate Cancer with Updated Meta-Analysis: The Cooper Center Longitudinal Study

  2021cites this paper
• Are omega-3 fatty acids efficacious in the treatment of depression? A review

  2021cites this paper
• Statistical methods for analysis of combined biomarker data from multiple nested case–control studies

  2021influential citation
• Using Genetic Variants to Evaluate the Causal Effect of Plasma Phospholipid Fatty Acids on Breast Cancer and Prostate Cancer: A Mendelian Randomization Study

  2021cites this paper
• Dairy products and the risk of developing prostate cancer: A large‐scale cohort study (JACC Study) in Japan

  2021cites this paper
• Dietary fat intake, erythrocyte fatty acids, and risk of uterine fibroids.

  2020cites this paper
• Lipidomic Profiling of Clinical Prostate Cancer Reveals Targetable Alterations in Membrane Lipid Composition

  2020cites this paper
• Identification of Plasma Glycosphingolipids as Potential Biomarkers for Prostate Cancer (PCa) Status

  2020cites this paper
• Lipids and cancer: Emerging roles in pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapeutic intervention.

  2020cites this paper
• STATISTICAL METHODS FOR ANALYSIS OF COMBINED CATEGORICAL BIOMARKER DATA FROM MULTIPLE STUDIES.

  2020cites this paper
• Intake of individual fatty acids and risk of prostate cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition

  2019cites this paper
• Prospective serum metabolomic profiling of lethal prostate cancer

  2019cites this paper
• The Jensen effect and functional single index models: Estimating the ecological implications of nonlinear reaction norms

  2019cites this paper
• Dietary intake and prostate cancer, continued pursuit for evidence.

  2019cites this paper
• Lifestyle in urology: Cancer

  2019cites this paper
• Are there serious adverse effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplements?

  2019cites this paper
• Spline Analysis of Biomarker Data Pooled from Multiple Matched/Nested Case–Control Studies

  2019influential citation
• Diet and Lifestyle in Prostate Cancer.

  2019cites this paper
• A Review on Potential Properties and Therapeutic Applications of DHA and EPA

  2019cites this paper
• Fatty acid profile in peri-prostatic adipose tissue and prostate cancer aggressiveness in African-Caribbean and Caucasian patients.

  2018cites this paper
• A Collaborative Analysis of Individual Participant Data from 19 Prospective Studies Assesses Circulating Vitamin D and Prostate Cancer Risk.

  2018cites this paper
• A systematic assessment of Cochrane reviews and systematic reviews published in high-impact medical journals related to cancer

  2018cites this paper
• Effects of concentrated long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation before radical prostatectomy on prostate cancer proliferation, inflammation, and quality of life: study protocol for a phase IIb, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

  2018cites this paper
• Circulating isoflavone and lignan concentrations and prostate cancer risk: a meta‐analysis of individual participant data from seven prospective studies including 2,828 cases and 5,593 controls

  2018cites this paper
• Pre-diagnostic Serum Metabolomic Profiling of Prostate Cancer Survival.

  2018cites this paper
• Design and analysis considerations for combining data from multiple biomarker studies

  2018cites this paper
• The Omega-3 Index and relative risk for coronary heart disease mortality: Estimation from 10 cohort studies.

  2017cites this paper
• Very long-chain n-3 fatty acids and human health: fact, fiction and the future

  2017cites this paper
• Intervention of the myristoyl-protein biosynthesis for the treatment of prostate cancer

  2017cites this paper
• An update of research evidence on nutrition and prostate cancer.

  2017cites this paper
• Nature, Nurture, and Cancer Risks: Genetic and Nutritional Contributions to Cancer.

  2017cites this paper
• A distinct plasma lipid signature associated with poor prognosis in castration‐resistant prostate cancer

  2017cites this paper
• Myristoylation of Src kinase mediates Src-induced and high-fat diet–accelerated prostate tumor progression in mice

  2017cites this paper
• A Meta-analysis of Individual Participant Data Reveals an Association between Circulating Levels of IGF-I and Prostate Cancer Risk.

  2016cites this paper
• Fish consumption and prostate cancer risk and mortality in a Danish cohort study

  2016cites this paper
• Selenium and Prostate Cancer: Analysis of Individual Participant Data From Fifteen Prospective Studies

  2016cites this paper
• Effect of Docosahexaenoic Acid on Cell Cycle Pathways in Breast Cell Lines With Different Transformation Degree

  2016cites this paper
• Blood fatty acid patterns are associated with prostate cancer risk in a prospective nested case–control study

  2016cites this paper
• Meat Consumption, Related Nutrients, Obesity and Risk of Prostate Cancer: a Case-Control Study in Uruguay.

  2016cites this paper
• Association between omega-3 fatty acids and serum prostate-specific antigen

  2016cites this paper
• (2016). A meta-analysis of individual participant data reveals an association between circulating levels of IGF-I and prostate risk.

  2016cites this paper
• Selenium and Prostate Cancer : Analysis of Individual Participant Data From Fifteen Prospective Studies

  2016cites this paper
• Serum metabolomic profiling of prostate cancer risk in the prostate, lung, colorectal, and ovarian cancer screening trial

  2016cites this paper
• Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Their Impact on Prostate Cancer Risk

  2016cites this paper
• Effect Modification by Time Since Blood Draw on the Association Between Circulating Fatty Acids and Prostate Cancer Risk.

  2016cites this paper
• Suboptimal Plasma Long Chain n-3 Concentrations are Common among Adults in the United States, NHANES 2003–2004

  2015cites this paper
• Carotenoids, retinol, tocopherols, and prostate cancer risk: pooled analysis of 15 studies.

  2015cites this paper
• Association between Serum Phospholipid Fatty Acids and Intraprostatic Inflammation in the Placebo Arm of the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial

  2015cites this paper
• Metabolomic analysis of prostate cancer risk in a prospective cohort: The alpha‐tocopherol, beta‐carotene cancer prevention (ATBC) study

  2015cites this paper
• editorial Learning From History in Micronutrient Research

  2015cites this paper
• Learning from history in micronutrient research.

  2014cites this paper
• Association between blood lipid levels and risk of liver cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

  year unknowncites this paper