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Identification and expression profiling of a novel Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI) gene from turmeric, Curcuma longa, by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR)

Seow-Neng Chan,Norliza Abu Bakar,M. Mahmood,C. Ho,Noraini Mohamad Dzaki,N. A. Shaharuddin

Published 2016 in Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

ABSTRACT

Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI) is one of the widely studied protease inhibitors (PIs) and has been reported to take part in plant defense mechanism during pathogenesis. Numerous plant-origin recombinant KTIs have been described to exhibit anti-pathogenic properties and were used to fight pathogens in the field of pharmacology and agriculture. In this study, a novel Kunitz trypsin inhibitor gene, ClKTI, was isolated from a medicinal herb plant, turmeric, Curcuma longa. The full-length ClKTI gene is 754 bp long (Accession No. KF889322.1 in NCBI database) and it was obtained using 5′/3′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) technique. ClKTI has an open reading frame of 639 bp length which encodes for 213 amino acids and contains the Kunitz-family motif, (V-X-D-X2-G-X2-L-X5-Y-X-I) and an altered reactive site motif, (G/E-I-S). Sequence similarity search using BLASTX showed that ClKTI shared the highest similarity to KTI from Theobroma cacao with 58% max identity while conserved domains search resulted in ClKTI having specific hits with Kunitz-family soybean trypsin inhibitor (STI). Phylogenetic studies suggested that ClKTI is related to T. cacao while protein homology modeling analysis indicated that it has 12 β-sheets with three disulfide bridges. Using real-time quantitative PCR, the ClKTI gene expression pattern in five different tissues (flower, basal stem, stem, rhizome and root) treated with methyl-jasmonate (MeJA) was studied where MeJA was suggested to regulate expression of PI genes in plants. The results indicated that the expression of ClKTI generally increased in the MeJA-treated tissues with the root tissues possessing the highest expression and stem tissues showed the highest expression fold-change.

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