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Loop-ileostomy reversal—patient-related characteristics influencing time to closure

C. Gustafsson,U. Gunnarsson,U. Dahlstrand,U. Lindforss

Published 2018 in International Journal of Colorectal Disease

ABSTRACT

PurposeTo identify factors associated with timing of stoma reversal after rectal cancer surgery in a large Swedish register-based cohort.MethodsThree thousand five hundred sixty-four patients with rectal cancer who received a protective stoma during surgery in 2007–2013 were identified in the Swedish colorectal cancer register. Time to stoma reversal was evaluated over a follow-up period of one and a half years. Factors associated with timing of stoma reversal were analysed using Cox regression analysis. Reversal within 9 months (12 months if adjuvant chemotherapy) was considered latest expected time to closure.ResultsStoma reversal was performed in 2954 (82.9%) patients during follow-up. Patients with post-secondary education had an increased chance for early stoma reversal (HR 1.13; 95% CI 1.02–1.25). Postoperative complications (0.67; 0.62–0.73), adjuvant chemotherapy (0.63; 0.57–0.69), more advanced cancer stage (stage III 0.74; 0.66–0.83 and stage IV 0.38; 0.32–0.46) and higher ASA score (0.80; 0.71–0.90 for ASA 3–4) were associated with longer time to reversal. Two thousand four hundred thirty-seven (68.4%) patients had stoma reversal within latest expected time to closure. Factors associated to decreased chance of timely reversal were more advanced cancer stage (stage III 0.64; 0.50–0.81 and stage IV 0.19; 0.13–0.27), postoperative complications (0.50; 0.42–0.59) and higher ASA score (0.77; 0.61–0.96 for ASA 3–4).ConclusionsPatients with a high level of education had a higher chance of timely reversal but medical factors had a stronger association to time to reversal. Patients with advanced rectal cancer are at high risk for non-reversal and should be considered for permanent stoma.

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