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A comparison of the effects of ursolic acid and l-leucine supplementation on IGF-1 receptor and AKT-mTOR signaling in response to resistance exercise in trained men

D. Church,Neil A. Schwarz,Mike B. Spillane,Sarah K McKinley,Thomas L. Andre,D. Willoughby

Published 2014 in Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

ABSTRACT

Background Resistance exercise stimulates skeletal muscle protein synthesis (MPS) during post-exercise recovery due to upregulation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. L-leucine supplementation is also known to stimulate MPS by activating mTOR signaling. However, recent research has discovered a natural compound called ursolic acid which also appears to stimulate MPS by activating the mTOR signaling pathway, and has been presumed to occur due to IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) up-regulation. Ursolic acid is a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid carboxylic acid that is widely found in apple skin and other fruits such as cranberries. The main purpose of this study was to compare the effects of a single dose of ursolic acid or L-leucine supplementation given immediately after resistance exercise on IGF-1 (a serum regulator of MPS) and the subsequent effects of IGF-1 on phosphorylating/activating its receptor (IGF-1RTyr1131). Furthermore, the purpose was to also determine the effects on signaling intermediates of MPS contained within the Akt/ mTOR pathway (phosphorylated levels of AktThr308, mTORSer2448, p70S6KThr389).

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