Bacterial Heterologous Expression System for Reconstitution of Chloroplast Inner Division Ring and Evaluation of Its Contributors

Plant chloroplasts originate from the symbiotic relationship between ancient free-living cyanobacteria and ancestral eukaryotic cells. Since the discovery of the bacterial derivative FtsZ gene—which encodes a tubulin homolog responsible for the formation of the chloroplast inner division ring (Z ring)—in the Arabidopsis genome in 1995, many components of the chloroplast division machinery were successively identified. The knowledge of these components continues to expand; however, the mode of action of the chloroplast dividing system remains unknown (compared to bacterial cell division), owing to the complexities faced in in planta analyses. To date, yeast and bacterial heterologous expression systems have been developed for the reconstitution of Z ring-like structures formed by chloroplast FtsZ. In this review, we especially focus on recent progress of our bacterial system using the model bacterium Escherichia coli to dissect and understand the chloroplast division machinery—an evolutionary hybrid structure composed of both bacterial (inner) and host-derived (outer) components.

• Publication year

  2018

• Venue

  International Journal of Molecular Sciences

• Publication date

  2018-02-01

• Fields of study

  Biology, Medicine, Environmental Science

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.3390/ijms19020544PMID 29439474PMCID 5855766
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Chloroplast division protein ARC3 acts on FtsZ2 by preventing filament bundling and enhancing GTPase activity.

  2018cited by this paper
• Conserved Dynamics of Chloroplast Cytoskeletal FtsZ Proteins Across Photosynthetic Lineages1[OPEN]

  2017cited by this paper
• ARC6-mediated Z ring-like structure formation of prokaryote-descended chloroplast FtsZ in Escherichia coli

  2017cited by this paper
• The Chloroplast Tubulin Homologs FtsZA and FtsZB from the Red Alga Galdieria sulphuraria Co-assemble into Dynamic Filaments*

  2017cited by this paper
• Structural insights into the coordination of plastid division by the ARC6–PDV2 complex

  2017cited by this paper
• Escherichia coli FtsA forms lipid-bound minirings that antagonize lateral interactions between FtsZ protofilaments

  2017cited by this paper
• Robust Min‐system oscillation in the presence of internal photosynthetic membranes in cyanobacteria

  2017cited by this paper
• The Molecular Machinery of Chloroplast Division1[OPEN]

  2017cited by this paper
• Splitsville: structural and functional insights into the dynamic bacterial Z ring

  2016cited by this paper
• Chloroplast FtsZ assembles into a contractible ring via tubulin-like heteropolymerization

  2016influential reference
• Functional Analysis of the Chloroplast Division Complex Using Schizosaccharomyces pombe as a Heterologous Expression System

  2016influential reference
• Roles of Arabidopsis PARC6 in Coordination of the Chloroplast Division Complex and Negative Regulation of FtsZ Assembly1[OPEN]

  2015influential reference
• FtsZ1/FtsZ2 Turnover in Chloroplasts and the Role of ARC3

  2015cited by this paper
• Division and dynamic morphology of plastids.

  2014cited by this paper
• Single Particle Tracking Analysis of the Chloroplast Division Protein FtsZ Anchoring to the Inner Envelope Membrane

  2013influential reference
• The bacterial Min system.

  2013cited by this paper
• FtsZ in chloroplast division: structure, function and evolution.

  2013cited by this paper
• Liposome division by a simple bacterial division machinery

  2013influential reference
• Chloroplast Division Protein ARC3 Regulates Chloroplast FtsZ-Ring Assembly and Positioning in Arabidopsis through Interaction with FtsZ2[C][W]

  2013influential reference
• The number, speed, and impact of plastid endosymbioses in eukaryotic evolution.

  2013cited by this paper
• Distinct functions of chloroplast FtsZ1 and FtsZ2 in Z-ring structure and remodeling

  2012influential reference
• Structure, regulation, and evolution of the plastid division machinery.

  2011cited by this paper
• Multiple FtsZ2 isoforms involved in chloroplast division and biogenesis are developmentally associated with thylakoid membranes in Arabidopsis

  2011cited by this paper
• GTP-dependent Heteropolymer Formation and Bundling of Chloroplast FtsZ1 and FtsZ2*

  2010cited by this paper
• Strong FtsZ is with the force: mechanisms to constrict bacteria.

  2010cited by this paper
• FtsZ in Bacterial Cytokinesis: Cytoskeleton and Force Generator All in One

  2010cited by this paper
• Chloroplast division: squeezing the photosynthetic captive.

  2010cited by this paper
• Plant FtsZ1 and FtsZ2 expressed in a eukaryotic host: GTPase activity and self‐assembly

  2010cited by this paper
• Chloroplasts Divide by Contraction of a Bundle of Nanofilaments Consisting of Polyglucan

  2010cited by this paper
• The PLASTID DIVISION1 and 2 Components of the Chloroplast Division Machinery Determine the Rate of Chloroplast Division in Land Plant Cell Differentiation[C][W]

  2009cited by this paper
• Bacterial cell division: assembly, maintenance and disassembly of the Z ring

  2009cited by this paper
• Plant-specific protein MCD1 determines the site of chloroplast division in concert with bacteria-derived MinD.

  2009cited by this paper
• ZipN, an FtsA‐like orchestrator of divisome assembly in the model cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC6803

  2009cited by this paper
• CDP1, a novel component of chloroplast division site positioning system in Arabidopsis

  2009cited by this paper
• Arabidopsis FtsZ2-1 and FtsZ2-2 are functionally redundant, but FtsZ-based plastid division is not essential for chloroplast partitioning or plant growth and development.

  2009influential reference
• PARC6, a novel chloroplast division factor, influences FtsZ assembly and is required for recruitment of PDV1 during chloroplast division in Arabidopsis.

  2009cited by this paper
• Arabidopsis ARC6 Coordinates the Division Machineries of the Inner and Outer Chloroplast Membranes through Interaction with PDV2 in the Intermembrane Space[W]

  2008cited by this paper
• In vivo quantitative relationship between plastid division proteins FtsZ1 and FtsZ2 and identification of ARC6 and ARC3 in a native FtsZ complex.

  2008cited by this paper
• Plastid division: across time and space.

  2008cited by this paper
• Reconstitution of Contractile FtsZ Rings in Liposomes

  2008cited by this paper
• The bacterial cell division protein FtsZ assembles into cytoplasmic rings in fission yeast.

  2008cited by this paper
• Plastid evolution.

  2008cited by this paper
• Effects of mutations in Arabidopsis FtsZ1 on plastid division, FtsZ ring formation and positioning, and FtsZ filament morphology in vivo.

  2007cited by this paper
• ARC3 is a stromal Z‐ring accessory protein essential for plastid division

  2007influential reference
• Assembly dynamics of the bacterial MinCDE system and spatial regulation of the Z ring.

  2007cited by this paper
• Chloroplast Division

  2007cited by this paper
• PDV1 and PDV2 Mediate Recruitment of the Dynamin-Related Protein ARC5 to the Plastid Division Site

  2006cited by this paper
• Isolated Chloroplast Division Machinery Can Actively Constrict After Stretching

  2006cited by this paper
• Plastid division is mediated by combinatorial assembly of plastid division proteins.

  2005influential reference
• SlmA, a nucleoid-associated, FtsZ binding protein required for blocking septal ring assembly over Chromosomes in E. coli.

  2005cited by this paper
• Probing the domain structure of FtsZ by random truncation and insertion of GFP.

  2005cited by this paper
• Tethering the Z ring to the membrane through a conserved membrane targeting sequence in FtsA

  2005cited by this paper
• Two Types of FtsZ Proteins in Mitochondria and Red-Lineage Chloroplasts: The Duplication of FtsZ Is Implicated in Endosymbiosis

  2004cited by this paper
• ARC3, a chloroplast division factor, is a chimera of prokaryotic FtsZ and part of eukaryotic phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase.

  2004cited by this paper
• Molecular analysis of the key cytokinetic components of cyanobacteria: FtsZ, ZipN and MinCDE

  2004cited by this paper
• Recombinant protein folding and misfolding in Escherichia coli

  2004cited by this paper
• ARC5, a cytosolic dynamin-like protein from plants, is part of the chloroplast division machinery

  2003cited by this paper
• ARC6 Is a J-Domain Plastid Division Protein and an Evolutionary Descendant of the Cyanobacterial Cell Division Protein Ftn2 Online version contains Web-only data. Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantcell.org/cgi/doi/10.1105/tpc.013292.

  2003influential reference
• A Novel Gene That Bears a DnaJ Motif Influences Cyanobacterial Cell Division

  2002cited by this paper
• Unique and overlapping roles for ZipA and FtsA in septal ring assembly in Escherichia coli

  2002cited by this paper
• The topological specificity factor AtMinE1 is essential for correct plastid division site placement in Arabidopsis.

  2002cited by this paper
• Colocalization of plastid division proteins in the chloroplast stromal compartment establishes a new functional relationship between FtsZ1 and FtsZ2 in higher plants.

  2001influential reference
• Chloroplast targeting of chloroplast division FtsZ2 proteins in Arabidopsis.

  2001cited by this paper
• Visualization of an FtsZ ring in chloroplasts of Lilium longiflorum leaves.

  2001cited by this paper
• The bacterial cell‐division protein ZipA and its interaction with an FtsZ fragment revealed by X‐ray crystallography

  2001cited by this paper
• Cytological and biochemical characterization of the FtsA cell division protein of Bacillus subtilis

  2001cited by this paper
• Ftsz Ring Formation at the Chloroplast Division Site in Plants

  2001cited by this paper
• The MinC component of the division site selection system in Escherichia coli interacts with FtsZ to prevent polymerization.

  1999cited by this paper
• Recruitment of ZipA to the division site by interaction with FtsZ

  1999cited by this paper
• Genetic and Functional Analyses of the Conserved C-Terminal Core Domain of Escherichia coli FtsZ

  1999cited by this paper
• Chloroplast Division in Higher Plants Requires Members of Two Functionally Divergent Gene Families with Homology to Bacterial ftsZ

  1998cited by this paper
• FtsZ Dynamics during the Division Cycle of LiveEscherichia coli Cells

  1998cited by this paper
• The division apparatus of plastids and mitochondria.

  1998cited by this paper
• Direct binding of FtsZ to ZipA, an essential component of the septal ring structure that mediates cell division in E. coli.

  1997cited by this paper
• Copyright © 1997, American Society for Microbiology Analysis of the Interaction of FtsZ with Itself, GTP, and FtsA

  1997cited by this paper
• Colocalization of cell division proteins FtsZ and FtsA to cytoskeletal structures in living Escherichia coli cells by using green fluorescent protein.

  1996cited by this paper
• Transcription factor Spo0A switches the localization of the cell division protein FtsZ from a medial to a bipolar pattern in Bacillus subtilis.

  1996cited by this paper
• Interaction between FtsZ and inhibitors of cell division

  1996influential reference
• FtsZ ring formation in fts mutants

  1996cited by this paper
• Conserved cell and organelle division

  1995cited by this paper
• arc6, A Fertile Arabidopsis Mutant with Only Two Mesophyll Cell Chloroplasts

  1994influential reference
• Chloroplast Division and Expansion Is Radically Altered by Nuclear Mutations in Arabidopsis thaliana.

  1992cited by this paper
• FtsZ ring structure associated with division in Escherichia coli

  1991cited by this paper
• A division inhibitor and a topological specificity factor coded for by the minicell locus determine proper placement of the division septum in E. coli.

  1989cited by this paper

• SNARE-Mediated Membrane Fusion Probed Using a Synthetic Organelle in the Living Bacterium.

  2025cites this paper
• A synthetic organelle approach to probe SNARE-mediated membrane fusion in a bacterial host

  2023cites this paper
• Characterization of two GH5 endoglucanases from termite microbiome using synthetic metagenomics

  2020cites this paper
• Evolutionary analysis of chloroplast tRNA of Gymnosperm revealed the novel structural variation and evolutionary aspect

  2020cites this paper
• Molecular aspects of plants with altered chloroplast morphology

  2019cites this paper
• Evolution and Function of the Chloroplast. Current Investigations and Perspectives

  2018cites this paper