Group A Streptococcus (GAS) infections cause substantial worldwide morbidity and mortality, mostly associated with suppurative complications such as pharyngitis, impetigo, and non-suppurative immune syndromes such as acute rheumatic fever, rheumatic heart disease, and acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Deaths occur mostly in children, adolescents, and young adults in particular pregnant women in low- and middle-income countries. GAS strains are highly variable, and a GAS vaccine would need to overcome the issue of multiple strains. Several approaches have been used multivalent vaccines using N-terminal polypeptides of different M protein; conserved M protein vaccines with antigens from the conserved C-repeat portion of the M protein; incorporation selected T- and B-cell epitopes from the C-repeat region in a synthetic polypeptide or shorter single minimal B-cell epitopes from this same region; and non-M protein approaches utilizing highly conserved motives of streptococcal C5a peptidase, GAS carbohydrate and streptococcal fibronectin-binding proteins. A GAS vaccine represents urgent need for this neglected disease and should therefore deserve the greatest attention of international organizations, donors, and vaccine manufacturers.
Accelerating the development of a group A Streptococcus vaccine: an urgent public health need
Published 2016 in Clinical and experimental vaccine research
ABSTRACT
PUBLICATION RECORD
- Publication year
2016
- Venue
Clinical and experimental vaccine research
- Publication date
2016-07-01
- Fields of study
Medicine
- Identifiers
- External record
- Source metadata
Semantic Scholar, PubMed
CITATION MAP
EXTRACTION MAP
CLAIMS
CONCEPTS
- conserved m protein vaccine
A vaccine design that uses antigens from the conserved C-repeat region of the M protein.
Aliases: conserved-region M protein vaccine, C-repeat M protein vaccine
- epitope-based synthetic polypeptide
A synthetic polypeptide containing selected T-cell and B-cell epitopes from the M-protein C-repeat region.
Aliases: synthetic polypeptide, selected T- and B-cell epitope construct
- gas vaccine
A preventative vaccine intended to protect against infections caused by Group A Streptococcus.
Aliases: group A Streptococcus vaccine, GAS vaccine candidate
- group a streptococcus
A human bacterial pathogen discussed as the organism targeted by the vaccine strategies in the abstract.
Aliases: GAS
- multivalent m protein vaccine
A vaccine design that combines N-terminal polypeptides from multiple M protein variants.
Aliases: multivalent vaccine using M protein, N-terminal polypeptide vaccine
- non-m protein vaccine approach
A vaccine strategy that uses conserved GAS antigens other than M protein.
Aliases: non-M protein approaches
- urgent public health need
A priority framing used for the need to develop a GAS vaccine against the disease burden described in the abstract.
Aliases: urgent need
REFERENCES
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