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Binding of the Transition State Analog MgADP-fluoroaluminate to F1-ATPase*

S. Nadanaciva,J. Weber,A. E. Senior

Published 1999 in Journal of Biological Chemistry

ABSTRACT

Escherichia coliF1-ATPase from mutant βY331W was potently inhibited by fluoroaluminate plus MgADP but not by MgADP alone. β-Trp-331 fluorescence was used to measure MgADP binding to catalytic sites. Fluoroaluminate induced a very large increase in MgADP binding affinity at catalytic site one, a smaller increase at site two, and no effect at site three. Mutation of either of the critical catalytic site residues β-Lys-155 or β-Glu-181 to Gln abolished the effects of fluoroaluminate on MgADP binding. The results indicate that the MgADP-fluoroaluminate complex is a transition state analog and independently demonstrate that residues β-Lys-155 and (particularly) β-Glu-181 are important for generation and stabilization of the catalytic transition state. Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide-inhibited enzyme, with 1% residual steady-state ATPase, showed normal transition state formation as judged by fluoroaluminate-induced MgADP binding affinity changes, consistent with a proposed mechanism by which dicyclohexylcarbodiimide prevents a conformational interaction between catalytic sites but does not affect the catalytic stepper se. The fluorescence technique should prove valuable for future transition state studies of F1-ATPase.

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