Ethylene Regulates Levels of Ethylene Receptor/CTR1 Signaling Complexes in Arabidopsis thaliana*

Background: Plant responses to the hormone ethylene depend on ethylene receptors and the kinase CTR1. Results: The receptors and CTR1 exist as signaling complexes whose levels change in response to ethylene. Conclusion: A model incorporating transcriptional induction and ethylene-dependent turnover of receptor/CTR1 complexes is proposed. Significance: Results presented here reconcile molecular responses at the receptor level with physiological changes in sensitivity to ethylene. The plant hormone ethylene is perceived by a five-member family of receptors in Arabidopsis thaliana. The receptors function in conjunction with the Raf-like kinase CTR1 to negatively regulate ethylene signal transduction. CTR1 interacts with multiple members of the receptor family based on co-purification analysis, interacting more strongly with receptors containing a receiver domain. Levels of membrane-associated CTR1 vary in response to ethylene, doing so in a post-transcriptional manner that correlates with ethylene-mediated changes in levels of the ethylene receptors ERS1, ERS2, EIN4, and ETR2. Interactions between CTR1 and the receptor ETR1 protect ETR1 from ethylene-induced turnover. Kinetic and dose-response analyses support a model in which two opposing factors control levels of the ethylene receptor/CTR1 complexes. Ethylene stimulates the production of new complexes largely through transcriptional induction of the receptors. However, ethylene also induces turnover of receptors, such that levels of ethylene receptor/CTR1 complexes decrease at higher ethylene concentrations. Implications of this model for ethylene signaling are discussed.

• Publication year

  2015

• Venue

  Journal of Biological Chemistry

• Publication date

  2015-03-26

• Fields of study

  Biology, Medicine, Environmental Science

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1074/jbc.M115.652503PMID 25814663PMCID PMC4424370
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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