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Duration of the mosquitocidal effect of ivermectin

G. Bastiaens,Geert-Jan vanGemert,J. Hooghof,S. Lindsay,C. Drakeley,T. Churcher,J. Verhave,C. Kocken,R. Sauerwein,T. Bousema

Published 2012 in MalariaWorld Journal

ABSTRACT

Background Ivermectin (IVM) reduces the lifespan of malaria-transmitting mosquitoes after feeding on humans treated with IVM. If this effect is sufficiently long and strong, IVM could form part of a drug combination that not only treats malaria patients but also reduces onward transmission. Limited data are available on the exact duration of the mosquitocidal effect of IVM; daily mosquito feeding assays are required for this. Materials and Methods We determined mortality rates of Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes that took a blood meal on Swiss mice, Wistar rats and Cynomolgus monkeys that received IVM orally at 200-400 μg/kg. Mosquito feeding assays were performed on five consecutive days after IVM administration. Mosquito mortality was determined in the first 72 hours after feeding. Results Mosquito mortality was 70-100% when mosquitoes fed on any of the animals 1-2 days after the last IVM administration. After this time-point the mosquitocidal effect was still evident in some animals but became more variable. Conclusions Our findings of a pronounced but short-lived mosquitocidal effect makes the timing of IVM administration crucial to form a useful addition to anti-malarial drugs.

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