Emerging therapies for the treatment of osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a chronic disease of the osseous system characterized by decreased bone strength and increased fracture risk. It is due to an imbalance in the dynamic ongoing processes of bone formation and bone resorption. Currently available osteoporosis therapies like bisphosphonates, selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), and denosumab are anti-resorptive agents. Parathyroid hormone analogs like teriparatide are the only anabolic agents currently approved for osteoporosis treatment. The side-effects and limited efficacy of the presently available therapies has encouraged extensive research into the pathophysiology of the disease and newer drug targets for its treatment. The novel anti-resorptive agents being developed are newer SERMs, osteoprotegerin, c-src (cellular-sarcoma) kinase inhibitors, αVβ3 integrin antagonists, cathepsin K inhibitors, chloride channel inhibitors, and nitrates. Upcoming anabolic agents include calcilytics, antibodies against sclerostin and Dickkopf-1, statins, matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein fragments activin inhibitiors, and endo-cannabinoid agonists. Many of these new drugs are still in development. This article provides an insight into the emerging drugs for the treatment of osteoporosis.

• Publication year

  2013

• Venue

  Journal of Mid-Life Health

• Publication date

  2013-07-01

• Fields of study

  Medicine

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.4103/0976-7800.118991PMID 24672186PMCID 3952405
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Effects of bazedoxifene/conjugated estrogens on endometrial safety and bone in postmenopausal women

  2013cited by this paper
• Sclerostin and Dickkopf-1 as therapeutic targets in bone diseases.

  2012cited by this paper
• Effects of 3 years of lasofoxifene treatment on bone turnover markers in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis.

  2012cited by this paper
• Arzoxifene versus raloxifene: effect on bone and safety parameters in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis

  2012cited by this paper
• Single‐dose, placebo‐controlled, randomized study of AMG 785, a sclerostin monoclonal antibody

  2011cited by this paper
• Denosumab: a review of its use in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

  2011cited by this paper
• JTT-305, an orally active calcium-sensing receptor antagonist, stimulates transient parathyroid hormone release and bone formation in ovariectomized rats.

  2011cited by this paper
• Dickkopf‐1 regulates bone formation in young growing rodents and upon traumatic injury

  2011cited by this paper
• Effects of statins vs. non-statin lipid-lowering therapy on bone formation and bone mineral density biomarkers in patients with hyperlipidemia.

  2010cited by this paper
• An orally active calcium-sensing receptor antagonist that transiently increases plasma concentrations of PTH and stimulates bone formation.

  2010cited by this paper
• Effects of the Src kinase inhibitor saracatinib (AZD0530) on bone turnover in healthy men: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, multiple‐ascending‐dose phase I trial

  2010cited by this paper
• Molecular biology of bone remodeling: implications for new therapeutic targets for osteoporosis.

  2010influential reference
• Current and emerging therapies for the treatment of osteoporosis

  2010cited by this paper
• Effect of transdermal teriparatide administration on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women.

  2010cited by this paper
• Treatment with a soluble receptor for activin improves bone mass and structure in the axial and appendicular skeleton of female cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis).

  2010cited by this paper
• Simvastatin increases osteoblasts and osteogenic proteins in ovariectomized rats

  2009cited by this paper
• The type 2 cannabinoid receptor (CB2) protects against age-related osteoporosis by affecting bone formation and CB2 agonists exhibit anabolic activity in vivo

  2009cited by this paper
• Cannabinoid receptor type 1 protects against age-related osteoporosis by regulating osteoblast and adipocyte differentiation in marrow stromal cells.

  2009cited by this paper
• Odanacatib, a cathepsin‐K inhibitor for osteoporosis: A two‐year study in postmenopausal women with low bone density

  2009cited by this paper
• One Year of Transgenic Overexpression of Osteoprotegerin in Rats Suppressed Bone Resorption and Increased Vertebral Bone Volume, Density, and Strength

  2009cited by this paper
• Raloxifene use in clinical practice: efficacy and safety

  2009cited by this paper
• Sclerostin Antibody Treatment Increases Bone Formation, Bone Mass, and Bone Strength in a Rat Model of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

  2009cited by this paper
• Cathepsin K inhibitors for osteoporosis and potential off-target effects

  2009cited by this paper
• Risedronate for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women.

  2008cited by this paper
• ZT-031, a cyclized analog of parathyroid hormone(1-31) for the potential treatment of osteoporosis.

  2008cited by this paper
• Infrequent Delivery of a Long‐Acting PTH‐Fc Fusion Protein Has Potent Anabolic Effects on Cortical and Cancellous Bone

  2007cited by this paper
• Decreased Fracture Risk in Users of Organic Nitrates: A Nationwide Case‐Control Study

  2006cited by this paper
• Daily nasal spray of hPTH(1–34) for 3 months increases bone mass in osteoporotic subjects: a pilot study

  2006cited by this paper
• Safety and tolerability of subcutaneous PTHrP(1–36) in healthy human volunteers: a dose escalation study

  2006cited by this paper
• The role(s) of Src kinase and Cbl proteins in the regulation of osteoclast differentiation and function

  2005cited by this paper
• Effect of L-000845704, an alphaVbeta3 integrin antagonist, on markers of bone turnover and bone mineral density in postmenopausal osteoporotic women.

  2005cited by this paper
• The role of chloride channels in osteoclasts: ClC-7 as a target for osteoporosis treatment.

  2005cited by this paper
• Endothelial nitric oxide synthase in the control of osteoblastic mineralizing activity and bone integrity

  2004cited by this paper
• Isosorbide Mononitrate Increases Bone Formation and Decreases Bone Resorption in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Trial

  2004cited by this paper
• Characterization of osteoclasts from patients harboring a G215R mutation in ClC-7 causing autosomal dominant osteopetrosis type II.

  2004cited by this paper
• En1 and Wnt7a interact with Dkk1 during limb development in the mouse.

  2004cited by this paper
• Nitric oxide donor increases osteoprotegerin production and osteoclastogenesis inhibitory activity in bone marrow stromal cells from ovariectomized rats.

  2004cited by this paper
• Targeted Disruption of the Osteoblast/Osteocyte Factor 45 Gene (OF45) Results in Increased Bone Formation and Bone Mass*

  2003cited by this paper
• A Synthetic Peptide Fragment of Human MEPE Stimulates New Bone Formation In Vitro and In Vivo

  2003cited by this paper
• The Effect of a Single Dose of Osteoprotegerin in Postmenopausal Women

  2001cited by this paper
• A Src SH2 selective binding compound inhibits osteoclast-mediated resorption.

  2000cited by this paper
• Pycnodysostosis, a Lysosomal Disease Caused by Cathepsin K Deficiency

  1996cited by this paper
• Assessment of fracture risk and its application to screening for postmenopausal osteoporosis. Report of a WHO Study Group.

  1994cited by this paper

• An insight of Osthole, Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and BMP-9 loaded carbon-based scaffolds as a Biomaterial candidate in Osteoporosis Therapy: A Narrative Review

  2023cites this paper
• Ponicidin Treatment Improved the Cell Proliferation, Differentiation, and Calcium Mineralization on the Osteoblast-Like MG-63 Cells

  2022cites this paper
• Exploring the Potential Use of Hylocereus polyrhizus Peels as a Source of Cosmeceutical Sunscreen Agent for Its Antioxidant and Photoprotective Properties

  2020cites this paper
• Association of Receiving Multiple, Concurrent Fracture-Associated Drugs With Hip Fracture Risk

  2019cites this paper
• A Clinical Study of a Standardized Extract of Leaves of Dalbergia sissoo (Roxb ex DC) in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

  2019cites this paper
• The tamoxifen derivative ridaifen‐B is a high affinity selective CB2 receptor inverse agonist exhibiting anti‐inflammatory and anti‐osteoclastogenic effects

  2018cites this paper
• Restoration of osteogenic differentiation by overexpression of cannabinoid receptor 2 in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells isolated from osteoporotic patients.

  2017cites this paper
• Treating osteoporosis.

  2016cites this paper
• A single CT-guided percutaneous intraosseous injection of thermosensitive simvastatin/poloxamer 407 hydrogel enhances vertebral bone formation in ovariectomized minipigs

  2016cites this paper
• Identification of novel small molecules that bind to the loop2 region of sclerostin - an in silico computational analysis.

  2016cites this paper
• The Pharmacological Potential of Rutin

  2016cites this paper
• Natural Products from Chinese Medicines with Potential Benefits to Bone Health

  2016cites this paper
• Implicaciones de la utilización de las guías de mayor impacto internacional (NOGG y NOF) como de otras guías (internacionales, nacionales y locales) en la eficiencia diagnóstica y terapéutica de la osteoporosis en el Área de Salud de León

  2016cites this paper
• Effects of chronic sodium alendronate on depression and anxiety in a menopausal experimental model.

  2015cites this paper
• Efficacy and Safety of Denosumab in Postmenopausal Women With Osteoporosis

  2015cites this paper
• Combined Oral Administration of Bovine Collagen Peptides with Calcium Citrate Inhibits Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Rats

  2015cites this paper
• The effects of 6-gingerol on proliferation, differentiation, and maturation of osteoblast-like MG-63 cells

  2015cites this paper
• Osteocyte culture in microfluidic devices.

  2015cites this paper
• Elevated serum osteoprotegerin levels in women: friend or foe?

  2015cites this paper
• Mechanism and Treatment Strategy of Osteoporosis after Transplantation

  2015cites this paper
• A view at monoclonal antibodies in therapy of osteoporosis

  2015cites this paper
• The Role of G protein-coupled estrogen receptor in vascular function and hypertension

  2015cites this paper
• Salvia miltiorrhiza: an ancient Chinese herbal medicine as a source for anti-osteoporotic drugs.

  2014cites this paper
• Effect of low birth weight on women's health.

  2014cites this paper
• Effects of Watercress Containing Rutin and Rutin Alone on the Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Osteoblast-like MG-63 Cells

  2014cites this paper
• Review Article Effect of Low Birth Weight on Women's Health

  2014cites this paper
• The Potential Beneficial Role of Parsley ( Apigenin Rich Herb ) on Prednisolone-Induced Osteoporosis in Rats

  2014cites this paper