Exposure to solar light reduces cytotoxicity of sewage effluents to mammalian cells: Roles of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species.

Sewage effluents can contain hundreds of toxic pollutants, making them a risk to humans when involved in drinking water. It is therefore important to evaluate the cytotoxicity of sewage effluents to mammalian cells. Solar light might influence the water quality of sewage effluents after their discharge into lakes or rivers, altering their cytotoxicity. In this study, natural solar light was found to lower the cytotoxicity of sewage effluents to Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Cytotoxicity of different samples decreased by 31%-65% after 12 h of simulated irradiation. Ultraviolet in sunlight was the major contributor to the cytotoxicity reduction. Aquatic reactive oxygen species (ROS), including singlet oxygen, superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals, were generated in the effluents under irradiation and they contributed to part of cytotoxicity reduction. Pollutants in sewage effluents induced cytotoxicity by simultaneously elevating the levels of intracellular ROS and intracellular reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in CHO cells. Solar light and the aquatic ROS formed under irradiation reduced the cytotoxicity because the transformed pollutants in sewage effluents increased lower intracellular ROS and RNS levels. These results help reveal the detoxification mechanism of sewage effluents in natural environment.

• Publication year

  2018

• Venue

  Water Research

• Publication date

  2018-10-01

• Fields of study

  Medicine, Chemistry, Environmental Science

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1016/j.watres.2018.07.014PMID 30015097
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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