Nitrogen fertilization and yield formation of potato during a short growing period

Perunan viljelyssa kaytetaan runsaasti ravinteita, jotta voidaan tuottaa laadultaan ja maaraltaan hyva sato. Typpilannoitus vaikuttaa voimakkaasti sadon kehitykseen ja kasvuston tuleentumiseen. Runsas typpi rehevoittaa varsiston kasvua ja hidastaa mukulasadon kehitysta kesan aikana, lisaksi perunan tuleentuminen viivastyy pitkalle syksyyn. Sadonkorjuun jalkeen maahan jaava typpi on ymparistoriski, silla kevyilla mailla liukoinen typpi huuhtoutuu helposti pohjaveteen syksyn ja talven aikana. Kun kasvukautemme on lyhyt, perunan typpilannoitussuositukset 60-120 kg/ha ovat meilla selvasti keskieurooppalaista tasoa 150-220 kg/ha alemmat. Typpilannoitustarve voi vaihdella myos lajikkeiden geneettisen taustan mukaan.MTT:ssa (Maa- ja elintarviketalouden tutkimuskeskus) tutkittiin vuosina 2000-2001 kenttakokeissa perunalajikkeiden Van Gogh ja Nicola typpilannoitustarvetta ja typen vaikutusta perunan kehitykseen ja satoon. Erityisesti selvitettiin typpilannoituksen vaikutusta perunan sadon kehitykseen ja perunan typenottoon kasvukauden aikana. Sadosta ja kasvustosta maaritettiin typpilannoituksen hyvaksikayttoprosentti. Tutkimus osoitti, etta typpilannoitus 120 kg/ha lisasi varsiston ja mukulasadon sadon maaraa ja viela voimakkaammin kasvin typenottoa alempaan 60 kg/ha typpitasoon verrattuna. Kasvukauden loppupuolella kuiva-aine ja typpi alkoivat yha enenevassa maarin kulkeutua varsistosta mukuloihin ja kasvuston tuleentuessa varsistoon jai vain vahainen maara kuiva-ainetta ja typpea. Tulokset osoittivat, etta typpimaaran vaikutus perunan kehitykseen oli kasvukauden alkupuolella vahainen eika alempi 60 kg/ha typpimaara olennaisesti hidastanut kasvuston kehitysta suurempaan typpimaaraan verrattuna. Kasvuston kehityksessa ja sadon maarassa ilmeni eroja typpitasojen valilla, kun alemman lannoitustason 60 kg/ha typensaanti heikkeni elokuun alkupuolelta lahtien.. Syksyn sadossa suurempi typpilannoitus lisasi selvasti mukulasadon maaraa, mutta samalla alensi selvasti mukuloiden kuiva-ainepitoisuutta. Lajikkeet reagoivat typpilannoitukseen suurimmalta osin samalla tavalla. Lannoitetypen hyvaksikayttoprosentti mukulasadossa vaihteli 46-64 % valilla.

• Publication year

  2008

• Venue

  Agricultural and Food Science

• Publication date

  2008-12-04

• Fields of study

  Not labeled

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.2137/145960610791542334
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

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