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Neutron emission from electromagnetic dissociation of Pb nuclei at √ s NN = 2.76 TeV measured with the ALICE ZDC

P. Cortese,B. Abelev,J. Adam,D. Adamová,A. Adare,M. Aggarwal,G. Rinella,A. Agocs,A. Agostinelli,S. Salazar,Z. Ahammed,N. Ahmad,A. Masoodi,S. Ahn,A. Akindinov,D. Aleksandrov,B. Alessandro,R. Molina,A. Alici,A. Alkin,E. A. Avina,J. Alme,T. Alt,V. Altini,S. Altinpinar,I. Altsybeev,C. Andrei,A. Andronic,V. Anguelov,J. Anielski,C. Anson,T. Anticic,F. Antinori,P. Antonioli,L. Aphecetche,H. Appelshäuser,N. Arbor,S. Arcelli,A. Arend,N. Armesto,R. Arnaldi,T. Aronsson,I. Arsene,M. Arslandok,A. Asryan,A. Augustinus,R. Averbeck,T. Awes,J. Äystö,M. D. Azmi,M. Bach,A. Badalà,Y. Baek,R. Bailhache,R. Bala,R. Ferroli,A. Baldisseri,A. Baldit,F. Pedrosa,J. Ban,R. Baral,R. Barbera,F. Barile,G. G. Barnaföldi,L. Barnby,V. Barret,J. Bartke,M. Basile,N. Bastid,S. Basu,B. Bathen,G. Batigne,B. Batyunya,C. Baumann,I. Bearden,H. Beck,I. Belikov,F. Bellini,R. Bellwied,E. Belmont-Moreno,G. Bencédi,S. Beolè,I. Berceanu,A. Bercuci,Y. Berdnikov,D. Berényi,D. Berzano,L. Betev,A. Bhasin,A. Bhati,J. Bhom,N. Bianchi,L. Bianchi,C. Bianchin,J. Bielcik,J. Bielčíková,A. Bilandzic,S. Bjelogrlić,F. Blanco,D. Blau,C. Blume,M. Boccioli,N. Bock,A. Bogdanov,H. Boggild,M. Bogolyubsky,L. Boldizsár,M. Bombara,J. Book,H. Borel,A. Borissov,S. Bose,F. Bossu,M. Botje,S. Böttger,B. Boyer,E. Braidot,P. Braun-Munzinger,M. Bregant,T. Breitner,T. Browning,M. Broz,R. Brun,E. Bruna,G. Bruno,D. Budnikov,H. Buesching,S. Bufalino,K. Bugaiev,O. Busch,Z. Buthelezi,D. C. Orduna,D. Caffarri,Xu Cai,H. Caines,E. C. Villar,P. Camerini,V. C. Roman,G. Romeo,W. Carena,F. Carena,N. C. Filho,F. Carminati,C. Montoya,A. C. Diaz,J. Castellanos,J. Hernandez,E. Casula,V. Catanescu,C. Cavicchioli,C. C. Sanchez,J. Cepila,P. Cerello,B. Chang,S. Chapeland,J. Charvet,S. Chattopadhyay,I. Chawla,M. Cherney,C. Cheshkov,B. Cheynis,V. Barroso,D. Chinellato,P. Chochula,M. Chojnacki,S. Choudhury,P. Christakoglou,C. H. Christensen,P. Christiansen,T. Chujo,S. Chung,C. Cicalò,L. Cifarelli,F. Cindolo,J. Cleymans,F. Coccetti,F. Colamaria,D. Colella,G. C. Balbastre,Z. C. Valle,P. Constantin,G. Contin,J. G. Contreras,T. Cormier,Y. C. Morales,I. Maldonado,M. R. Cosentino,F. Costa,M. E. Cotallo,E. Crescio,P. Crochet,E. Alaniz,E. Cuáutle,L. Cunqueiro,A. Dainese,H. Dalsgaard,A. Danu,K. Das,I. Das,D. Das,A. Dash,S. Dash,S. De,G. Barros,A. Caro,G. Cataldo,J. Cuveland,A. Falco,D. Gruttola,H. Delagrange,E. Sanchez,A. Deloff,V. Demanov,N. Marco,E. Denes,S. Pasquale,A. Deppman,G. Erasmo,R. Rooij,M. A. Corchero,D. Bari,T. Dietel,C. Giglio,S. Liberto,A. Mauro,P. Nezza,R. Divià,Ø. Djuvsland,A. Dobrin,T. Dobrowolski,I. Dominguez,B. Donigus,O. Dordic,O. Driga,A. Dubey,L. Ducroux,P. Dupieux,A. Majumdar,M. R. D. Majumdar,D. Elia,D. Emschermann,H. Engel,H. Erdal,B. Espagnon,M. Estienne,S. Esumi,D. Evans,G. Eyyubova,D. Fabris,J. Faivre,D. Falchieri,A. Fantoni,M. Fasel,R. Fearick,A. Fedunov,D. Fehlker,L. Feldkamp,D. Felea,B. Fenton-Olsen,G. Feofilov,A. F. Tellez,A. Ferretti,R. Ferretti,J. Figiel,M. Figueredo,S. Filchagin,D. Finogeev,F. Fionda,E. Fiore,M. Floris,S. Foertsch,P. Foka,S. Fokin,E. Fragiacomo,M. Fragkiadakis,U. Frankenfeld,U. Fuchs,C. Furget,M. Girard,J. Gaardhøje,M. Gagliardi,A. Gago,M. Gallio,D. Gangadharan,P. Ganoti,C. Garabatos,E. Garcia-Solis,I. Garishvili,J. Gerhard,M. Germain,C. Geuna,M. Gheata,A. Gheata,B. Ghidini,P. Ghosh,P. Gianotti,M. Girard,P. Giubellino,E. Gladysz-dziadus,P. Glassel,R. Gomez,E. Ferreiro,L. González-Trueba,P. GONZÁLEZ-ZAMORA,S. Gorbunov,A. Goswami,S. Gotovac,V. Grabski,L. Graczykowski,R. Grajcarek,A. Grelli,C. Grigoras,A. Grigoras,V. Grigoriev,S. Grigoryan,A. Grigoryan,B. Grinyov,N. Grion,P. Gros,J. Grosse-Oetringhaus,J. Grossiord,R. Grosso,F. Guber,R. Guernane,C. G. Gutierrez,B. Guerzoni,M. Guilbaud,K. Gulbrandsen,T. Gunji,Ramni Gupta,A. Gupta,H. Gutbrod,Ø. Haaland,C. Hadjidakis,M. Haiduc,H. Hamagaki,G. Hamar,B. Han,L. Hanratty,A. Hansen,Z. Harmanova,J. Harris,M. Hartig,D. Haşegan,D. Hatzifotiadou,A. Hayrapetyan,S. Heckel,M. Heide,H. Helstrup,A. Herghelegiu,G. Corral,N. Herrmann,K. Hetland,B. Hicks,P. Hille,B. Hippolyte,T. Horaguchi,Y. Hori,P. Hristov,I. Hrivnácová,Meidana Huang,T. Humanic,D. Hwang,R. Ichou,R. Ilkaev,I. Ilkiv,M. Inaba,E. Incani,P. Innocenti,G. Innocenti,M. Ippolitov,M. Irfan,C. Ivan,V. Ivanov,A. Ivanov,M. Ivanov,O. Ivanytskyi,A. Jachołkowski,P. Jacobs,L. Jancurova,H. Jang,S. Jangal,R. Janik,M. Janik,P. Jayarathna,S. Jena,D. M. Jha,R. T. J. Bustamante,L. Jirden,Peter G. Jones,H. Jung,A. Jusko,A. Kaidalov,V. Kakoyan,S. Kalcher,P. Kalinak,M. Kalisky,T. Kalliokoski,A. Kalweit,K. Kanaki,J. Kang,V. Kaplin,A. Uysal,O. Karavichev,T. Karavicheva,E. Karpechev,A. Kazantsev,U. Kebschull,R. Keidel,M. M. Khan,S. Khan,A. Khanzadeev,Y. Kharlov,B. Kileng,J. Kim,D. Kim,S. Kim,J. Kim,Minwoo Kim,D. Kim,Beomkyu Kim,T. Kim,S. Kim,S. Kirsch,I. Kisel,S. Kiselev,A. Kisiel,J. Klay,J. Klein,C. Klein-Bösing,M. Kliemant,A. Kluge,M. L. Knichel,A. Knospe,K. Koch,M. Köhler,A. Kolojvari,V. Kondratiev,N. Kondratyeva,A. Konevskikh,A. Korneev,R. Kour,M. Kowalski,S. Kox,G. K. Meethaleveedu,J. Kral,I. Králik,F. Kramer,I. Kraus,T. Krawutschke,M. Krelina,M. Kretz,M. Krivda,F. Krizek,M. Krůs,E. Kryshen,M. Krzewicki,Y. Kucheriaev,C. Kuhn,P. Kuijer,P. Kurashvili,A. Kurepin,A. Kurepin,A. Kuryakin,V. Kushpil,S. Kushpil,Henning Kværnø,M. Kweon,Y. Kwon,P. L. Guevara,I. Lakomov,R. Langoy,S. L. Pointe,C. Lara,A. Lardeux,P. Rocca,C. Lazzeroni,R. Lea,Y. Bornec,M. Lechman,Sangeun Lee,K. Lee,F. Lefèvre,J. Lehnert,L. Leistam,M. Lenhardt,V. Lenti,H. Leon,I. Monzón,H. L. Vargas,P. Lévai,J. Lien,R. Lietava,S. Lindal,V. Lindenstruth,C. Lippmann,M. Lisa,Lijiao Liu,P. Loenne,V. Loggins,V. Loginov,S. Lohn,D. Lohner,C. Loizides,K. Loo,X. Lopez,E. L. Torres,G. Løvhøiden,X.-G. Lu,P. Luettig,M. Lunardon,Jiebin Luo,G. Luparello,L. Luquin,C. Luzzi,R. Ma,K. Ma,D. M. Madagodahettige-Don,A. Maevskaya,M. Mager,D. P. Mahapatra,A. Maire,M. Malaev,I. M. Cervantes,L. Malinina,D. Mal’Kevich,P. Malzacher,A. Mamonov,L. Manceau,L. Mangotra,V. Manko,F. Manso,V. Manzari,Y. Mao,M. Marchisone,J. Mares,G. Margagliotti,A. Margotti,A. Marin,C. Tobón,C. Markert,I. Martashvili,P. Martinengo,M. Martínez,A. M. Davalos,G. Garćıa,Y. Martynov,A. Mas,S. Masciocchi,M. Masera,A. Masoni,L. Massacrier,M. Mastromarco,A. Mastroserio,Z. L. Matthews,A. Matyja,D. Mayani,C. Mayer,J. Mazer,M. Mazzoni,F. Meddi,A. Menchaca-Rocha,J. M. Pérez,M. Meres,Y. Miake,L. Milano,J. Milosevic,A. Mischke,A. N. Mishra,D. Miškowiec,C. Mitu,J. Mlynarz,A. Mohanty,B. Mohanty,L. Molnár,L. Zetina,M. Monteno,E. Montes,T. Moon,M. Morando,D. Godoy,S. Moretto,A. Morsch,V. Muccifora,E. Mudnić,S. Muhuri,M. Mukherjee,H. Muller,M. Munhoz,L. Musa,A. Musso,B. Nandi,R. Nania,E. Nappi,C. Nattrass,N. Naumov,S. Navin,T. Nayak,S. Nazarenko,G. Nazarov,A. Nedosekin,M. Nicassio,B. Nielsen,T. Niida,S. Nikolaev,V. Nikolić,V. Nikulin,S. Nikulin,B. Nilsen,M. S. Nilsson,F. Noferini,P. Nomokonov,G. Nooren,N. Novitzky,A. Nyanin,A. Nyatha,C. Nygaard,J. Nystrand,Alexander Ochirov,H. Oeschler,S. Oh,S. Oh,J. Oleniacz,C. Oppedisano,A. Velasquez,G. Ortona,A. Oskarsson,P. Ostrowski,J. Otwinowski,K. Oyama,K. Ozawa,Y. Pachmayer,M. Pachr,F. Padilla,P. Pagano,G. Paic,F. Painke,C. Pajares,S. Pal,S. Pal,A. Palaha,A. Palmeri,V. Papikyan,G. Pappalardo,W. Park,A. Passfeld,B. Pastirčák,D. Patalakha,V. Paticchio,A. Pavlinov,T. Pawlak,T. Peitzmann,H. P. D. Costa,E. P. D. O. Filho,D. Peresunko,C. Lara,E. P. Lezama,D. Perini,D. Perrino,W. Peryt,A. Pesci,V. Peskov,Y. Pestov,V. Petráček,M. Petráň,M. Petriş,P. Petrov,M. Petrovici,C. Petta,S. Piano,A. Piccotti,M. Pikna,P. Pillot,O. Pinazza,L. Pinsky,N. Pitz,D. Piyarathna,M. Płoskoń,J. Pluta,T. Pocheptsov,S. Pochybova,P. Podesta-Lerma,M. Poghosyan,K. Polák,B. Polichtchouk,A. Pop,S. Porteboeuf-Houssais,V. Pospišil,B. Potukuchi,S. Prasad,R. Preghenella,F. Prino,C. Pruneau,I. Pshenichnov,S. Puchagin,G. Puddu,J. Teixidó,A. Pulvirenti,V. Punin,M. Putiš,J. Putschke,E. Quercigh,H. Qvigstad,A. Rachevski,A. Rademakers,S. Radomski,T. Raiha,J. Rak,A. Rakotozafindrabe,L. Ramello,A. R. Reyes,R. Raniwala,S. Raniwala,S. 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Published 2014 in Unknown venue

ABSTRACT

The ALICE Zero Degree Calorimeter system (ZDC) is composed of two iden- tical sets of calorimeters, placed at opposite sides with respect to the interaction point, 114 meters away from it, complemented by two small forward electromagnetic calorime- ters (ZEM). Each set of detectors consists of a neutron (ZN) and a proton (ZP) ZDC. They are placed at zero degrees with respect to the LHC axis and allow to detect parti- cles emitted close to beam direction, in particular neutrons and protons emerging from hadronic heavy-ion collisions (spectator nucleons) and those emitted from electromag- netic processes. For neutrons emitted by these two processes, the ZN calorimeters have nearly 100% acceptance. During the √ sNN = 2.76 TeV Pb-Pb data-taking, the ALICE Collaboration studied for- ward neutron emission with a dedicated trigger, requiring a minimum energy deposition in at least one of the two ZN. By exploiting also the information of the two ZEM calorime- ters it has been possible to separate the contributions of electromagnetic and hadronic processes and to study single neutron vs. multiple neutron emission. The measured cross sections of single and mutual electromagnetic dissociation of Pb nuclei at √ sNN = 2.76 TeV, with neutron emission, are σsingle EMD = 187.4 ± 0.2 (stat.) +13.2 −11.2 (syst.) b and σmutual EMD = 5.7 ± 0.1 (stat.) ±0.4 (syst.) b, respectively (1). This is the first measurement of electromagnetic dissociation of 208 Pb nuclei at the LHC energies, allowing a test of electromagnetic dissociation theory in a new energy regime. The experimental results are compared to the predictions from a relativistic elec- tromagnetic dissociation model.

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