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Retention and partitioning of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Sarcocornia fruticosa from two Portuguese salt marshes

M. Martins,A. Ferreira,C. Vale

Published 2008 in Ciencias Marinas

ABSTRACT

Sixteen PAH compounds (containing three to six rings) were quantified in sediments from the Rosario and Mitrena salt marshes in the Tagus and Sado estuaries, respectively, colonized by Sarcocornia fruticosa, and in belowground and aboveground plant tissues. Sediments from Rosario presented higher PAH concentrations (0.83–8.71 μg g–1) than those from Mitrena (0.22–1.63 μg g–1). Levels in belowground plant tissues showed a pronounced contrast between the two marshes: 84–165 and 0.15–0.43 μg g–1, respectively. Belowground material in contaminated layers contained 9–55 times more PAHs than sediments, while ratios lower than one were obtained in lower contaminated layers. Five- and six-ring compounds predominated (60–75%) in sediments and belowground plant material from both sites. Aboveground plant tissues presented no differences in PAH concentrations (0.17–0.18 ng g–1) and composition in both marshes, only three- and four-ring compounds being detected. This narrow concentration range appears to indicate that atmospheric deposition is the predominant pathway of PAH accumulation in aerial plant tissues. Se cuantificaron 16 hidrocarburos aromaticos policiclicos (PAHs, por sus siglas en ingles; con tres a seis anillos) en sedimentos de las marismas de Rosario y Mitrena, de los estuarios del Tajo y el Sado, respectivamente, y en los tejidos subterraneos y aereos de Sarcocornia fruticosa, una planta que habita en estas marismas. Los sedimentos de Rosario presentaron mayores concentraciones de PAHs (0.83–8.71 μg g–1) que los de Mitrena (0.22–1.63 μg g–1). Los niveles de PAHs en los tejidos vegetales subterraneos mostraron un contraste pronunciado entre los dos sitios: 84–165 μg g–1 y 0.15–0.43 μg g–1, respectivamente. El material subterraneo de las capas contaminadas contuvo de 9 a 55 veces mas PAHs que los sedimentos, mientras que en las capas menos contaminadas se obtuvieron razones menores a 1. Los componentes con cinco y seis anillos predominaron (60–75%) en los sedimentos y en el material vegetal subterraneo de ambas marismas. En ninguna de ambas marismas los tejidos vegetales aereos presentaron diferencias entre las concentraciones (0.17–0.18 ng g–1) ni en la composicion de PAHs, detectandose solo compuestos de tres y cuatro anillos. Este estrecho intervalo de concentraciones parece indicar que los depositos atmosfericos son la via predominante de acumulacion de PAHs en los tejidos aereos de las plantas.

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