Hepatic Encephalopathy in Patients in Lviv (Ukraine)

Abstract Background and Objectives Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) research has long been impeded by the vague definition of this disabling complication of liver failure. This article provides an overview of the etiology and impact of HE on neuromuscular functions as well as its role in the development of infections and anemia. Materials and Methods This was a descriptive study conducted in 36 patients with HE. Close monitoring of these patients was done by checking on several parameters. Results The etiological distribution: alcohol (67%), hepatitis C virus (HCV; 17%), HCV and alcohol (8%), hepatitis B virus (HBV; 3%), HBV and alcohol (3%), HBV and HCV (6%), and cryptogenic (3%). The laboratory results indicated an elevation of De Ritis level in 69% of cases and in 92% of total bilirubin values. The Halstead-Reitan (H-R) test score with regards to gender indicated that more than half of the patients had a score of 2, while only few cases received the scores 3 and 4. The frequency of H-R score with regards to Child-Pugh score showed the significant preponderance of Child-Pugh score of 7–9 (B): 58.3% compared to others groups of results, and these results indicated patients’ poor prognosis. Conclusion Findings showed the preponderance of female patients towards developing HE and the poor survival rate of patients older than 65 years. Alcohol and hepatitis C were the main causes associated with the development of HE. The neurological assessment marked the preponderance of Child-Pugh grades B and C and also the prevalence in female patients with neuropsychological disabilities through the assessment of H-R test.

• Publication year

  2018

• Venue

  Journal of Translational Internal Medicine

• Publication date

  2018-09-01

• Fields of study

  Medicine

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.2478/jtim-2018-0021PMID 30425951PMCID 6231300
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar, PubMed

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• The Preoperative AST/ALT (De Ritis) Ratio Represents a Poor Prognostic Factor in a Cohort of Patients with Nonmetastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma.

  2015cited by this paper
• Alcohol drinking pattern and risk of alcoholic liver cirrhosis: a prospective cohort study.

  2015cited by this paper
• Hepatic encephalopathy in chronic liver disease: 2014 practice guideline by the European Association for the Study of the Liver and the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases.

  2014cited by this paper
• Coagulopathy in cirrhosis: A prospective study to correlate conventional tests of coagulation and bleeding following invasive procedures in cirrhotics

  2014cited by this paper
• Liver cirrhosis mortality in 187 countries between 1980 and 2010: a systematic analysis

  2014cited by this paper
• Identification of Precipitating Factors in Hepatic Encephalopathy Patients at Liaquat University Hospital Jamshoro

  2013cited by this paper
• The de ritis ratio: the test of time.

  2013cited by this paper
• Diagnosis and management of bacterial infections in decompensated cirrhosis.

  2013cited by this paper
• Alcoholic Liver Disease : Introduction

  2013cited by this paper
• A study on the position and etiology of infection in cirrhotic patients: A potential precipitating factor contributing to hepatic encephalopathy

  2013cited by this paper
• Dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced first-pass perfusion MR imaging in patients with subclinical hepatic encephalopathy.

  2012cited by this paper
• Infectious Complications of Acute and Chronic Liver Disease

  2012cited by this paper
• Posthepatectomy liver failure: a definition and grading by the International Study Group of Liver Surgery (ISGLS).

  2011cited by this paper
• Obesity is an independent risk factor for clinical decompensation in patients with cirrhosis

  2011cited by this paper
• Hepatic encephalopathy: from pathophysiology to therapeutic management

  2011cited by this paper
• Sub-clinical hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients is not aggravated by sedation with propofol compared to midazolam: a randomized controlled study.

  2011cited by this paper
• Prevention and Management of Bacterial Infections in Cirrhosis

  2011cited by this paper
• Evidence of neutrophil functional defect despite inflammation in stable cirrhosis.

  2011influential reference
• Chronic liver disease and hepatic encephalopathy: clinical profile and outcomes.

  2011cited by this paper
• Current and emerging strategies for treating hepatic encephalopathy.

  2010cited by this paper
• Cirrhotic patients are at risk for health care-associated bacterial infections.

  2010cited by this paper
• Diagnosis and Prognostic Significance of Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy in Patients with Cirrhosis of Liver

  2010cited by this paper
• Liver Cirrhosis Mortality in Europe, with Special Attention to Central and Eastern Europe

  2010cited by this paper
• Non-hepatic Insults Are Common Acute Precipitants in Patients with Acute on Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF)

  2010cited by this paper
• Risk factors for hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites: relevance of serum sodium concentration

  2010cited by this paper
• Epidemiology and natural history of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

  2009cited by this paper
• Hepatic encephalopathy.

  2009cited by this paper
• Precipitating factors of hepatic encephalopathy in patients with chronic liver disease at Civil Hospital Karachi.

  2008cited by this paper
• Ammonia impairs neutrophil phagocytic function in liver disease

  2008cited by this paper
• Acetyl-l-Carnitine Treatment in Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy

  2008cited by this paper
• Inhibitory control test for the diagnosis of minimal hepatic encephalopathy.

  2008cited by this paper
• HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY; PRECIPITATING FACTORS IN PATIENTS WITH CIRRHOSIS

  2008cited by this paper
• The international normalized ratio calibrated for cirrhosis (INRliver) normalizes prothrombin time results for model for end‐stage liver disease calculation

  2007cited by this paper
• Quality of life and nutritional status in alcohol addicts and patients with chronic liver disease.

  2007cited by this paper
• Neutrophil dysfunction in alcoholic hepatitis superimposed on cirrhosis is reversible and predicts the outcome

  2007influential reference
• The NAFLD fibrosis score: A noninvasive system that identifies liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD

  2007cited by this paper
• LIVER FAILURE AND LIVER DISEASE Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: From Steatosis to Cirrhosis

  2006cited by this paper
• Precipitating factors of hepatic encephalopathy: experience at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences Islamabad.

  2006cited by this paper
• Acetaminophen‐induced acute liver failure: Results of a United States multicenter, prospective study

  2005cited by this paper
• Blood Ammonia Levels and Hepatic Encephalopathy

  2004cited by this paper
• Synbiotic modulation of gut flora: Effect on minimal hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis

  2004cited by this paper
• Hepatic encephalopathy: a review.

  2003cited by this paper
• Long‐term outcomes of cirrhosis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis compared with hepatitis C

  2003cited by this paper
• Hepatische Enzephalopathie

  2003cited by this paper
• Correlation between ammonia levels and the severity of hepatic encephalopathy.

  2003cited by this paper
• Relationship Between Neuropsychological and Emotional Functioning in Severe Chronic Alcoholism

  2002cited by this paper
• [Hepatic encephalopathy].

  2002cited by this paper
• Clinical implications of hepatogenous diabetes in liver cirrhosis

  2002cited by this paper
• Hepatic encephalopathy—Definition, nomenclature, diagnosis, and quantification: Final report of the Working Party at the 11th World Congresses of Gastroenterology, Vienna, 1998

  2002cited by this paper
• Molecular diagnosis of viral hepatitis.

  2002cited by this paper
• Efficacy of L-Carnitine in Reducing Hyperammonaemia and Improving Neuropsychological Test Performance in Patients with Hepatic Cirrhosis

  2002cited by this paper
• A model to predict survival in patients with end‐stage liver disease

  2001cited by this paper
• World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects.

  2001cited by this paper
• WORLD MEDICAL ASSOCIATION DECLARATION OF HELSINKI: Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects

  2001cited by this paper
• Clinical features and survivial of cirrhotic patients with subclinical cognitive alterations detected by the number connection test and computerized psychometric tests

  1999cited by this paper
• High prevalence of sleep disturbance in cirrhosis

  1998cited by this paper
• Neuropsychological Aspects of Portal-Systemic Encephalopathy

  1998cited by this paper
• Quantitative data analysis with SPSS for Windows

  1997cited by this paper
• [A comparative study to detect the HBsAg by the ELISA, RIA and PHA technics in patients with viral hepatitis].

  1984cited by this paper
• Transection of the oesophagus for bleeding oesophageal varices

  1973cited by this paper

• Prevalence of Myasthenia progression in hepatic encephalopathy syndrome

  2020cites this paper
• Cytokines predict virological response in chronic hepatitis B patients receiving peginterferon alfa-2a therapy.

  2020cites this paper
• Bibliometric analysis of subject trends and knowledge structures of gut microbiota.

  2020cites this paper
• Oncological outcomes and predictors of radiofrequency ablation of colorectal cancer liver metastases

  2020cites this paper
• Prognostic factors and therapeutic effects of different treatment modalities for colorectal cancer liver metastases

  2020cites this paper