Estimation of nitrogen and carbon content from soybean leaf reflectance spectra using wavelet analysis under shade stress

Abstract Changes in leaf carbon and nitrogen traits are effective parameters for evaluating whether plants are growing normally and for guiding field management measures. Therefore, a nondestructive estimation of soybean leaf carbon content (LCC) and leaf nitrogen content (LNC) is important for managing soybean production. This study aims to investigate the properties of soybean LCC, LNC and leaf carbon and nitrogen ratio (LCNR) under different light conditions and to construct the estimation models for soybean LCC, LNC and LCNR on the basis of hyperspectral reflectance. A 3-year field trial was conducted from 2013 to 2015 to investigate the effect of five shade treatments (from 57% to 18% of normal photosynthetic active radiation) by regulating the distance between maize and soybean rows in an intercropping system. Results showed that the LNC is increased, and the LCC is decreased with the increase in shading level. A typical leaf hyperspectral reflectance showed that the changes in near infrared and around the green peak are approximately proportional to the LCC and analogously inverse to the LNC. The corresponding first-order derivative presented the changes in the red-edge positions as a ‘blue shift’ with the increase in shading level. General vegetation indices (VIs), uninformative variable elimination-partial least squares (UVE-PLS) and continuous wavelet transform (CWT) were used to develop the models. The linear models constructed using the CWT, compared with the VIs and UVE-PLS, had the highest determination coefficient and the lowest root mean square error (RMSE). The models were validated using independent data from 2015 with RMSE values of 1.9789, 0.6132 and 2.1587 for the LCC, LNC and LCNR, respectively. Moreover, these models obtained relative errors of 4.5%, 13.2% and 20% for the LCC, LNC and LCNR, respectively. Results indicated that soybean LNC and LCC can be accurately estimated using the CWT for assessing the physiological situation.

• Publication year

  2019

• Venue

  Computers and Electronics in Agriculture

• Publication date

  2019-01-01

• Fields of study

  Agricultural and Food Sciences, Mathematics, Computer Science, Environmental Science

• Identifiers
  DOI 10.1016/J.COMPAG.2018.12.003
• External record

  Open on Semantic Scholar

• Source metadata

  Semantic Scholar

• No claims are published for this paper.

• No concepts are published for this paper.

• Maize-soybean strip intercropping: Achieved a balance between high productivity and sustainability

  2018cited by this paper
• Effect of shading and light recovery on the growth, leaf structure, and photosynthetic performance of soybean in a maize-soybean relay-strip intercropping system

  2018cited by this paper
• Effect of aboveground and belowground interactions on the intercrop yields in maize-soybean relay intercropping systems

  2017cited by this paper
• Potential of near infrared spectroscopy to monitor variations in soluble sugars in Loblolly pine seedlings after cold acclimation

  2017cited by this paper
• Nitrogen Content Estimation of Rice Crop Based on Near Infrared (NIR) Reflectance Using Artificial Neural Network (ANN)

  2016cited by this paper
• Remote detection of canopy leaf nitrogen concentration in winter wheat by using water resistance vegetation indices from in-situ hyperspectral data

  2016cited by this paper
• Evaluating chlorophyll density in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) using canopy hyperspectral red-edge parameters

  2016cited by this paper
• Wavelet analysis of pulse-amplitude-modulated chlorophyll fluorescence for differentiation of plant samples.

  2015cited by this paper
• Estimating leaf nitrogen concentration in heterogeneous crop plants from hyperspectral reflectance

  2015cited by this paper
• Quantitative dynamics of stem water soluble carbohydrates in wheat can be monitored in the field using hyperspectral reflectance

  2014cited by this paper
• Stoichiometry patterns of leaf carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous in aquatic macrophytes in eastern China

  2014cited by this paper
• Comparison between wavelet spectral features and conventional spectral features in detecting yellow rust for winter wheat

  2014cited by this paper
• Using leaf spectral reflectance to monitor the effects of shading on nicotine content in tobacco leaves

  2013cited by this paper
• Using Wavelet Transform of Hyperspectral Reflectance Data for Extracting Spectral Features of Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen

  2012cited by this paper
• Using Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Data for Retrieving Canopy Chlorophyll and Nitrogen Content

  2012cited by this paper
• Effect of Shade on Nitrogen Metabolism and Its Mechanism in Cotton Plant at Flowering and Boll-forming Stage

  2011cited by this paper
• Predicting Total Organic Carbons and Nitrogens in Grassland Soil Using Wavelet Analysis and Hyperspectral Technology

  2011cited by this paper
• Effect of Shade on Nitrogen Metabolism and Its Mechanism in Cotton Plant at Flowering and Boll-forming Stage: Effect of Shade on Nitrogen Metabolism and Its Mechanism in Cotton Plant at Flowering and Boll-forming Stage

  2011cited by this paper
• Optimal Wavelength Selection of Hyperspectral Scattering Images Based o UVE-PLS Projection Analysis

  2011cited by this paper
• Determination of wheat canopy nitrogen content ratio by hyperspectral technology based on wavelet denoising and support vector regression.

  2010cited by this paper
• Effects of nitrogen nutrition levels on N accumulation and yield of soyabean.

  2010cited by this paper
• Effect of maize-soybean relay cropping shade on nitrogen metabolism of soybean seedlings

  2010cited by this paper
• Change of orchard soil pH in the Loess Plateau: Change of orchard soil pH in the Loess Plateau

  2010cited by this paper
• The Research on Control of the Electronic-Mechanical CVT

  2010cited by this paper
• Nitrogen content, nitrate reductase activity, and biomass of kimpul (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) on shade and nitrogen fertilizer variation

  2009cited by this paper
• The effects of shading on photosynthetic and fluorescent characteristics of soybean seedlings under maize-soybean relay cropping

  2009cited by this paper
• SOYBEAN CHLOROPHYLL A CONCENTRATION ESTIMATION MODELS BASED ON WAVELET-TRANSFORMED,IN SITU COLLECTED,CANOPY HYPERSPECTRAL DATA

  2008cited by this paper
• [QTL mapping for chlorophyll content in maize].

  2008cited by this paper
• [Hyperspectral remote sensing diagnosis models of rice plant nitrogen nutritional status].

  2008cited by this paper
• Retrieval of chlorophyll concentration from leaf reflectance spectra using wavelet analysis.

  2008cited by this paper
• Effect of light and nitrogen supply on internal C:N balance and control of root-to-shoot biomass allocation in grapevine

  2007cited by this paper
• Wavelet based multi-spectral image analysis of maize leaf chlorophyll content

  2007cited by this paper
• Correlation between chemical contents of leaves and characteristic variables of hyperspectra on rice field

  2003cited by this paper
• Effects of cadmium on the co-ordination of nitrogen and carbon metabolism in bean seedlings.

  2003cited by this paper
• Wavelet analysis of hyperspectral reflectance data for detecting pitted morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosa) in soybean (Glycine max)

  2003cited by this paper
• Differentiation among effects of nitrogen fertilization treatments on conifer seedlings by foliar reflectance: a comparison of methods.

  2000cited by this paper
• Starch and nitrogen status in soybean during shading and nutrient deficiency

  1998cited by this paper
• Effects of nitrogen on the response of loblolly pine to drought: II. Biomass allocation and C : N balance.

  1994cited by this paper
• Remote sensing of foliar chemistry

  1989cited by this paper
• Stage of Development Descriptions for Soybeans, Glycine Max (L.) Merrill

  1971cited by this paper

• Potential of Multi-Source Multispectral vs. Hyperspectral Remote Sensing for Winter Wheat Nitrogen Monitoring

  2025cites this paper
• Spatio-Temporal Variations in Grassland Carrying Capacity Derived from Remote Sensing NPP in Mongolia

  2025cites this paper
• Research on Monitoring Nitrogen Content of Soybean Based on Hyperspectral Imagery

  2025cites this paper
• Improving the prediction of vegetation carbon, phosphorus, and C:P ratio of alpine grassland in the Three-River Headwater Region by combining the field and laboratory reflectance spectroscopy

  2025cites this paper
• A Machine Learning Framework for Classifying Thermal Stress in Bean Plants Using Hyperspectral Data

  2025cites this paper
• Exploring the depth of the maize canopy LAI detected by spectroscopy based on simulations and in situ measurements

  2025cites this paper
• A novel approach for predicting the carbon content of birch leaf litter using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy

  2024cites this paper
• Improving the estimation accuracy of soil organic matter based on the fusion of near-infrared and Raman spectroscopy using the outer-product analysis

  2024cites this paper
• Estimation of maize grain yield under drought stress based on continuous wavelet transform

  2024cites this paper
• Plant‐based protein crops and their improvement: Current status and future perspectives

  2024cites this paper
• Transferability of models for predicting potato plant nitrogen content from remote sensing data and environmental variables across years and regions

  2024cites this paper
• Carbon and Nitrogen Allocation and Input in Soil with Grain Crops Post-Harvest Residues: East-European Plain Case Study

  2024cites this paper
• Tensile Properties of Cattail Fibres at Various Phenological Development Stages

  2024cites this paper
• Nondestructive estimation of specific macroelement contents in thalli of the red macroalga Pyropia yezoensis using hyperspectral imaging

  2024influential citation
• Improving chlorophyll content detection to suit maize dynamic growth effects by deep features of hyperspectral data

  2023cites this paper
• Scientific and analytical review of methods for crop yield forecasting

  2023cites this paper
• Using an optimized texture index to monitor the nitrogen content of potato plants over multiple growth stages

  2023cites this paper
• Estimation Model of Rice Aboveground Dry Biomass Based on the Machine Learning and Hyperspectral Characteristic Parameters of the Canopy

  2023cites this paper
• High-throughput phenotyping of plant leaf morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits on multiple scales using optical sensing

  2023cites this paper
• The role of remote sensing in tropical grassland nutrient estimation: a review

  2023cites this paper
• Estimation of Winter Wheat Plant Nitrogen Concentration from UAV Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Combined with Machine Learning Methods

  2023cites this paper
• A Review of Hybrid Approaches for Quantitative Assessment of Crop Traits Using Optical Remote Sensing: Research Trends and Future Directions

  2022cites this paper
• Assessing canopy nitrogen and carbon content in maize by canopy spectral reflectance and uninformative variable elimination

  2022cites this paper
• Estimating cadmium-lead concentrations in rice blades through fractional order derivatives of foliar spectra

  2022cites this paper
• Estimation of Rice Aboveground Biomass by Combining Canopy Spectral Reflectance and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-Based Red Green Blue Imagery Data

  2022cites this paper
• High-throughput screening of soybean di-nitrogen fixation and seed nitrogen content using spectral sensing

  2022cites this paper
• Estimation Model of Potassium Content in Cotton Leaves Based on Wavelet Decomposition Spectra and Image Combination Features

  2022cites this paper
• Accurate modeling of vertical leaf nitrogen distribution in summer maize using in situ leaf spectroscopy via CWT and PLS-based approaches

  2022cites this paper
• Hyperspectral sensing of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and transpiration for citrus tree under drought condition

  2021cites this paper
• Detection of Fusarium Head Blight in Wheat Ears Using Continuous Wavelet Analysis and PSO-SVM

  2021cites this paper
• Predicting grain yield and protein content using canopy reflectance in maize grown under different water and nitrogen levels

  2021cites this paper
• Evaluating the Performance of Hyperspectral Leaf Reflectance to Detect Water Stress and Estimation of Photosynthetic Capacities

  2021cites this paper
• Inferring Grassland Drought Stress with Unsupervised Learning from Airborne Hyperspectral VNIR Imagery

  2021cites this paper
• Segmentation and density statistics of mariculture cages from remote sensing images using mask R-CNN

  2021cites this paper
• Leaf Nitrogen Concentration and Plant Height Prediction for Maize Using UAV-Based Multispectral Imagery and Machine Learning Techniques

  2020cites this paper
• Estimation of critical nitrogen contents in peach orchards using visible-near infrared spectral mixture analysis

  2020cites this paper
• Recent Development and Challenges in Spectroscopy and Machine Vision Technologies for Crop Nitrogen Diagnosis: A Review

  2020cites this paper
• Rapid and non-destructive assessment of nutritional status in apple trees using a new smartphone-based wireless crop scanner system

  2020cites this paper
• Crop nitrogen monitoring: Recent progress and principal developments in the context of imaging spectroscopy missions.

  2020cites this paper
• A possible fractional order derivative and optimized spectral indices for assessing total nitrogen content in cotton

  2020cites this paper
• A Machine Learning Framework to Predict Nutrient Content in Valencia-Orange Leaf Hyperspectral Measurements

  2020cites this paper
• Influence of polarized reflection on airborne remote sensing of canopy foliar nitrogen content

  2020cites this paper
• Technologies for Crop Nitrogen Diagnosis

  2020cites this paper
• Remote Sensing of Environment

  2020cites this paper
• ATSS Deep Learning-Based Approach to Detect Apple Fruits

  2020cites this paper
• Estimation of winter-wheat above-ground biomass using the wavelet analysis of unmanned aerial vehicle-based digital images and hyperspectral crop canopy images

  2020influential citation
• Nondestructive estimation of potato yield using relative variables derived from multi-period LAI and hyperspectral data based on weighted growth stage

  2020cites this paper
• Modeling Hyperspectral Response of Water-Stress Induced Lettuce Plants Using Artificial Neural Networks

  2019cites this paper