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Chemical composition and some biological activities of marine algae collected in Tunisia

Fakher Frikha,M. Kammoun,N. Hammami,Radhia Mchirgui,L. Belbahri,Y. Gargouri,N. Miled,F. Ben-Rebah

Published 2011 in Ciencias Marinas

ABSTRACT

The chemical composition and some biological properties of four algae (Ulva rigida, Codium bursa, Cystoseira barbata, and Ceramium diaphanum) collected from the Gabes Gulf area (Tunisia) were examined. Ash (11.35–29.08% weight/dry weight [w/dw]) and total sugar (13.20–18.70% w/dw) were the most abundant contents in these algae. Protein contents were moderate (5.03–14.00% w/dw), with the red alga (C. diaphanum) having the highest value. Lipid contents were within the range mentioned for seaweeds (less than 3% w/dw). Saturated fatty acids occurring at the highest proportions were C16:0 (24.53–41.37%) and C12:0 (10.37–24.44%). The most abundant monounsaturated fatty acid was C18:1n-9 (21.74–54.22%), whereas the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acid was C18:2n-6 (9.57–11.71%). Variations in chemical composition can be attributed to both environmental and genetic differences among species. All algal extracts displayed antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus simulans (inhibition diameter: 10–25 mm), antioxidant activity (radical scavenging activity: 0.8–23%), and anti-inflammatory activity (48–61% inhibition of the phospholipase A2 activity); therefore, the marine algae examined can be considered abundant resources of bioactive molecules. Se evaluaron la composicion quimica y algunas propiedades biologicas de cuatro especies de algas (Ulva rigida, Codium bursa, Cystoseira barbata y Ceramium diaphanum) que se recolectaron en el Golfo de Gabes (Tunez). Los contenidos de cenizas (11.35–29.08% de peso/peso seco [p/ps]) y azucares totales (13.20–18.70% p/ps) fueron los mas abundantes en estas algas. El contenido de proteinas fue moderado (5.03–14.00% p/ps), y el alga roja C. diaphanum presento el valor mas alto. El contenido de lipidos estuvo dentro del intervalo determinado para algas marinas (menor a 3% p/ps). Los acidos grasos saturados que se encontraron en mayor proporcion fueron C16:0 (24.53–41.37%) y C12:0 (10.37–24.44%). El acido graso monoinsaturado mas abundante fue C18:1n-9 (21.74–54.22%), mientras que el acido graso poliinsaturado mas abundante fue C18:2n-6 (9.57–11.71%). Las variaciones en la composicion quimica se pueden atribuir a diferencias tanto ambientales como geneticas entre las especies. Todos los extractos de algas mostraron actividad antibacteriana contra Escherichia coli y Staphylococcus simulans (diametro de inhibicion: 10–25 mm), actividad antioxidante (actividad secuestrante de radicales libres: 0.8–23%) y actividad antiinflamatoria (48–61% de inhibicion de la actividad de la fosfolipasa A2); por lo tanto, las algas marinas estudiadas pueden ser consideradas como un recurso abundante de moleculas bioactivas.

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