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Freeze-Dried Human Platelet-Rich Plasma Retains Activation and Growth Factor Expression after an Eight-Week Preservation Period

Yasuhiro Shiga,G. Kubota,S. Orita,K. Inage,H. Kamoda,Masaomi Yamashita,T. Iseki,Michihiro Ito,K. Yamauchi,Y. Eguchi,T. Sainoh,J. Sato,K. Fujimoto,Koki Abe,Hirohito Kanamoto,M. Inoue,Hideyuki Kinoshita,T. Furuya,M. Koda,Y. Aoki,T. Toyone,Kazuhisa Takahashi,S. Ohtori

Published 2017 in Asian Spine Journal

ABSTRACT

Study Design Controlled laboratory study. Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) stored at room temperature (RT), frozen, or after freeze-drying. Overview of Literature PRP enriches tissue repair and regeneration, and is a novel treatment option for musculoskeletal pathologies. However, whether biological activity is preserved during PRP storage remains uncertain. Methods PRP was prepared from blood of 12 healthy human volunteers (200 mL/person) and stored using three methods: PRP was stored at RT with shaking, PRP was frozen and stored at −80℃, or PRP was freeze-dried and stored at RT. Platelet counts and growth factor content were examined immediately after preparation, as well as 2, 4, and 8 weeks after storage. Platelet activation rate was quantified by flow cytometry. Results Platelet counts were impossible to determine in many RT samples after 2 weeks, but they remained at constant levels in frozen and freeze-dried samples, even after 8 weeks of storage. Flow cytometry showed approximately 80% activation of the platelets regardless of storage conditions. Almost no growth factors were detected in the RT samples after 8 weeks, while low but significant expression was detected in the frozen and freeze-dried PRP. Over time, the mean relative concentrations of various growth factors decreased significantly or disappeared in the RT group. In the frozen group, levels were maintained for 4 weeks, but decreased significantly by 8 weeks (p <0.05). The freeze-dried group maintained baseline levels of growth factors for the entire 8-week duration. Conclusions Freeze-drying enables PRP storage while maintaining bioactivity and efficacy for extended periods.

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